The development of modern manufacturing technology and the wide use of NC machining equipment have greatly promoted the progress of cutting technology. With the need of numerical control and automation in the production process, higher requirements for metal cutting tools are put forward, such as high reliability, high precision, long life, rapid displacement replacement and good chip breaking. The design of cutting tool structure and the variety of cutting part shapes have become very diverse, which brings some difficulties to the designers of machining and cutting tools in choosing cutting tools reasonably. It is very important to select the cutting tools according to different machining features for realizing highly automatic cutting or unmanned machining. The following is a brief introduction of the selection principles for cutting tools.
1. Indexable turning tool structure
The indexable turning tool is widely used as a clamping tool. Its geometric parameters are completely guaranteed by the blade and groove, and are not affected by the technical level of workers. Therefore, the cutting performance is stable and suitable for modern mass production.
Two. Characteristics of lathe processing
Machining characteristics refer to the integration of machining information related to the machining process in the part processing. For example, cylindrical turning features may include such characteristics as initial diameter, minimum complete diameter, maximum complete diameter, machining length, tool tip radius and workpiece stiffness. Machining characteristics can describe the machining requirements of the workpiece more accurately, and these requirements are the premise of selecting machine tools, fixtures, cutting tools and their process parameters. Because each processing feature needs to input multiple characteristic parameters, it is simple and convenient for tool selection.
Three. Method of lathe processing
According to the initial diameter and the finished diameter, turning can be divided into rough machining and finish machining. According to the stiffness of parts, turning can be divided into high stiffness and low stiffness. According to the above requirements, the cylindrical turning can be divided into the following four processing methods: 1. turning the outer circle; 2. turning the outer circle; 3. turning the outer circle; 4. turning the outer circle.
Four, the principle of turning tool selection
Machining features for turning the outer circle, because rough or semi-finish machining is mainly to remove excess metal, cutting force is larger, should choose a stable blade clamping method, the blade angle as much as possible to choose a larger, in order to increase the strength of the blade. Because reducing the main deflection angle will increase the radial component, when the stiffness of the process system is strong, the main deflection angle of the tool can be reduced appropriately. Small tool main deflection angle can increase the length of cutting edge, reduce the load of cutting edge per unit length, thereby improving tool life.
Five. The use of special cutting oil.
Special cutting oil is a kind of medium which must be used in lathe cutting technology. It plays the role of lubrication, cooling, cleaning and so on. Due to the continuous improvement of cutting tools, equipment and technology in high-speed cutting, new cutting oil usually uses vulcanized extreme pressure and anti-wear additives as its core component, which can effectively protect the cutting tools and improve the process accuracy in ultra-high-speed cutting process.
Above is the selection of cutting tools need to pay attention to the problem, through constant optimization of tools, equipment, systems and cutting oil to constantly upgrade the process. Yida Borun Petrochemical Company is the largest manufacturer of high-end metal processing oil in China. The series of cutting oil products developed independently are made of lard sulfide and fatty acid sulfide ester as the main ingredients. They have excellent extreme pressure and wear resistance. They can effectively protect lathe tools, improve workpiece surface finish and greatly improve processing efficiency. The rate has been well received by customers at home and abroad in practical applications.
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