A: the calculation of the neutral layer in the deformation zone is accurate, the material calculation in the deformation zone is accurate, and the symmetry of the roller processing is good.
B: as far as possible, no deformation area is not pressed, and the clearance between the upper and lower rollers during the assembly is consistent.
C: before the material bites, according to the rolling state of the front track, the guide bevel should be set up, and the material slides smoothly in the rolling before the stable compression.
5. The problem of bending and twisting in production is mainly caused by unbalanced force, unbalanced force on the left and right, bending on the left and right, unbalanced force on the top and bottom, resulting in distortion. Solution: design force balance, accurate processing, easy installation and adjustment.
6. Roller machining accuracy is the key, for this reason, special tools made under the projector, magnify 20 times for testing.
7. Roller taper bearings are used at the main transmission side to ensure that the radial runout of the spindle is within and outside 0.04MM, to ensure that the spindle will not run from side to side, and there are gaps in the common ball bearing itself, so axial runout can not be avoided in accurate transmission.
Unwinding method of cold bending machine
CNC open machine brand, who is good, who is bad how to distinguish
CNC open machine brand, who is good, who is bad how to distinguish.
Because of the complex operation, low efficiency and single function of the traditional feeding machine, the furniture factories no longer use this kind of processing equipment, instead of the NC feeding machine. CNC feeder multi-purpose, automatic operation, high engraving accuracy advantages by many manufacturers favor.
But with the wide application of CNC feeding machine, more and more manufacturers of CNC feeding machine, the quality of different brands is uneven, which brings a lot of customers who want to buy CNC feeding machine great trouble do not know which factory to choose? Next, Ji’nan Rui Ye Feng CNC will teach you to distinguish good from bad.
First of all, the most important thing is the CNC feeder mechanical function is relatively large, when buying must choose multi-process feeder. For example, the three-process feeding machine is a typical example, three-process feeding machine equipment has three different heads, can realize three processes of automatic tool change, slotting, carving, cutting, drilling multi-process can be carried out simultaneously. Everyone knows that different techniques are needed to process furniture. If you buy a push-table saw or a traditional feeder, you may spend most of your time changing tools. Therefore, when purchasing, we must choose more functions of the three process machine.
Above is the function of the equipment, then I will talk about the cost performance of the equipment. Choosing a high cost performance feeder equipment for manufacturers can not only improve efficiency but also save costs. For many CNC feeders on the market, the styles and models are different, the quality and price is uneven. There are many first purchase of processing industry and Commerce for the performance of CNC feeder do not understand, so just blindly recommend manufacturers or direct evaluation grid purchase. For the same model of CNC feeder, the price may vary from hundreds to thousands of yuan, some consumers are eager to buy the lowest price CNC feeder at a time of cheap, resulting in machine failure.
In fact, although the price is related to our personal interests, but the law of inexpensive goods is unchanged for thousands of years, buy equipment can not blindly look at the price, to choose the manufacturer is the key. Because large manufacturers have strong technical force, the quality of the feeder is guaranteed, there will be no quality problems, after-sales service is also more perfect. It is a good product CNC machine for many of the manufacturers.
Goods CNC Machining feeding machine is easy to operate, high efficiency, multi-purpose, accurate engraving, saving manpower, in the market of the cutting machine occupies a leading position. Good NC feeding machine has a high degree of automation, equipped with a high-power vacuum adsorption table, which can absorb different volumes of plates. If the plate is put aside, the equipment will automatically absorb the plates to the processing table, reducing the tedious links of manual handling of plates, saving the time of loading and unloading materials, and effectively reducing labor. Strength. Good product NC cutting machine can not only save labor but also effectively improve the utilization rate of sheet metal, because NC cutting machine uses system software automatic typesetting, the area of each sheet metal can be maximized, in addition to milling cutter cutting can be arbitrary direction of rotation, combined order typesetting utilization rate as high as 96%, the edge of each sheet metal. The corner and corner can be used to the extreme, which greatly improves the utilization ratio of the board. There are also good NC cutting machine equipped with three different knife heads, to achieve simple three-process automatic tool change, without manual intervention, program automatic execution. The most important thing is that the powerful dust removal equipment of good NC feeding machine can absorb wood chips and debris in the process of processing, will not appear dust flying phenomenon, can improve the working environment.
The prospect of mould industry
Our country is gradually moving towards a powerful country of mould making from the big country of mould production. As far as the domestic market is concerned, the production and demand of the mould industry are booming, the investment enthusiasm of the enterprises is rising, and the large technical renovation projects and new projects are constantly appearing. In addition, the construction of industrial clusters has been accelerated. With the support of preferential policies of the government, more than 100 mold cities (or mold parks, agglomeration production bases, etc.) have been built in China, and more than 10 are under construction, preparation or planning. Mould associations and virtual manufacturing are being developed in some places, and these have some advantages similar to clustering.
For foreign markets, China’s mould industry has performed equally well. While the mold industry is advancing steadily in the traditional market, it is actively exploring emerging markets, even the marginal markets which were neglected in the past have been developed. Driven by the development of LED lighting and display, rail transit, medical equipment, new energy, aerospace, automobile lightweight, rail transit and other fields, the level of China’s die industry has been significantly improved. These factors make the die market development remarkable. According to statistics, China’s mold has been exported to more than 170 countries and regions, and it can be seen as a brilliant result.
Hardware painting knowledge
One, bottom wood
Hardware paint substrate: cold-rolled steel sheet stamping parts or sheet galvanized steel sheet stamping parts or sheet magnesium alloy stamping parts or sheet aluminum alloy stamping parts or sheet metal but the paint process is very different
Two, hardware baking process
Pretreatment, drying, primer painting, baking, topcoat painting, baking, inspection, packaging
Three. Surface pretreatment
(1) 1 degreasing; 2 washing; 3 rusting; 4 washing; 5 table adjustment; 6 washing; 7 phosphating; 8 washing; 9 washing; 10 drying;
(2) Purpose and importance of pretreatment: – The purpose of pretreatment is to obtain a good coating, because the above stamping parts will have grease, oxide rust skin, dust, rust and corrosive substances on the surface during manufacturing, processing, handling and storage, if not removed, will directly affect the performance of the coating, appearance, etc. Pretreatment plays a very important role in painting process.
(3) Significance of pretreatment: – Pretreatment and coating, drying are the three main processes of coating process, of which coating pretreatment is the basic process, it has an important impact on the whole coating quality, coating life, coating appearance and so on – through degreasing, rust removal, phosphating and other processes after the surface of the workpiece clean, uniform No fat.
1. Oil removal: mineral oil, grease, animal and vegetable oils, such as hand-touched oils during operation and transportation, greatly reduce the adhesion of most coatings, and affect their drying, but also reduce the hardness and gloss of the coating. The main alkali is NaOH, NaHCO3 and so on. Special degreasing powder can be purchased and then mixed into water solution. The saponification of soap.
2, rinse with water, so as not to contaminate the solution in the previous process to the next process. Clear water must be alive.
3. Removal of rust and yellow rust can promote the spread of corrosion products under the coating and make the coating lose shielding and impermeability. Under high temperature and humidity conditions can lead to early damage of coatings and metals, loose yellow rust, poor adhesion, and can fall off with the coating. There are many methods of rust removal, such as alkali method, acid method, mechanical method, electrolysis, etc., the common is alkali method. Remove the oxide scale and rust from the surface of the workpiece by chemical solution, usually with sulfuric acid and oxalic acid. It can also be supplemented by ultrasonic cleaning.
4. The abbreviation of surface adjustment (neutralization): remove the excess alkali (or acid) from the rust removal process by acid (or alkali) solution, adjust the pH value as neutral as possible, that is, PH = 7; function: accelerate the phosphating speed, refine the phosphating crystallization, increase the crystallization point of phosphating;
5. Phosphating is the central link of pretreatment before coating. Phosphoric acid manganese, zinc, cadmium orthophosphate solution is used to treat metal workpiece, so that an insoluble phosphate protective film is formed on the surface of the workpiece. The phosphating film has a compact structure of fine pores, enlarges the surface area of the workpiece, and enlarges the contact surface of the coating. As a result, a favorable mutual penetration between the phosphating film and the coating is created, and the adhesion of the organic coating to the workpiece is greatly improved. The phosphating film formed by phosphating is a stable and non-conductive isolation layer, which makes the metal surface from good conductor to bad conductor, inhibits the formation of micro-battery and effectively prevents the corrosion of coating. The commonly used phosphating methods are divided into high-temperature phosphating (70-90 C), medium-temperature phosphating (50-70 C) and room-temperature phosphating (20-30 C). Phosphating film is usually black.
6, drying process is basically carried out in the water tank. And each process has time limit. Dry the water and prepare the paint.
Four. Inspection before hanging.
Check the appearance of the unpainted workpiece before going on line; a large part of the unpainted defective products should be inspected for direct spraying or removal of the old paint; remove the old paint method, solvent soaking cleaning or removal with a special paint remover.
Five, grinding
Non-essential process, remove surface granular impurities and increase a certain degree of roughness to increase paint adhesion; first pass: 400 # sandpaper second pass; 800 # sandpaper or finer.
6. The hanging device hooks the product on the hanging device, the hanging device conducts electricity and moves along with the pipeline; the hanging device should be conductive and grounded (for electrostatic coating); the hanging device is generally customized according to the different characteristics of the product; a large number of the whole pipeline turnover use.
Seven, dust removal, surface dust, hair and so on; compressed air; electrostatic precipitator gun; flame combustion;
8. Pre-spraying of low potential (such as shadows, concave parts, etc.) before automatic spraying is necessary, but it is also the choice when there is no automatic spraying equipment. The efficiency is not high, the productivity is limited, there are many unstable factors, the bad rate is high, and the thickness of the film is uneven manual spraying equipment mainly includes air compressor. Gas pipeline, air oil and water separator, spray gun, paint container, spray booth and so on. The types of spray guns are:
1, gravity type;
2, suction type;
3. Press delivery.
9. Disk spraying automatic spraying belongs to the category of electrostatic spraying. The high voltage difference between spraying device and grounding workpiece produces electrostatic force. The coating is thrown out by the centrifugal force produced by Disk at a fixed speed. After spraying the electrostatic spraying coating on the workpiece, the Disk moves up and down to cover the whole workpiece. It is a rotating disk electrostatic spraying equipment, also known as centrifugal electrostatic atomizing equipment, rotating speed of the rotating disk is 5 000 ~ 60 000 R / min, working voltage is: 70 ~ 120 KV, using air motor drive, electrostatic coating used electrostatic coating, coating.
Four peculiarities of mold processing
Compared with other machining, mold processing has its own particularities. What are these particularities?
1. With the increasing precision and complexity of the mold products, the requirement of the mold machining precision is also getting higher and higher. Now the machining accuracy of many molds has reached 6550
2. Most die shapes are cuboid or cuboid, few are narrow and long, and the main processing amount is concentrated on the concave die and punch.
3. Most moulds need to produce complex spatial curved surfaces on solid metal modules. With the development of large-scale moulds, the weight of the modules will become larger and larger, and some of them have reached dozens of tons.
4. With the shorter and shorter production cycle, the mold processing must meet the requirements of high efficiency, fast, flexible and long-term full-load non-stop operation.
What are the common defects of screw fasteners
When using screw fasteners, we will see that some screw fasteners do not look very good, and some will have cracks. What are the surface defects of screw fasteners? The following high-strength standard parts of the small program to talk about a simple, common screw fastener defects; convenient for you to buy screw fasteners in the future when there is a direction.
First, crack
Cracks are usually caused by excessive stress in a metal during forging or other forming or heat treatment.
Among them are quenching cracks, forging cracks, forging bursting, shearing bursting.
1. Quenching cracks may occur during heat treatment due to excessive thermal stress and strain. Quenching cracks usually appear on the surface of fasteners with irregular intersecting and irregular directions.
2. Forging crack forging cracks may occur in the cutting or forging process, and located on the top of the screw head, as well as the protrusion part of the cavity head.
3, forging burst may occur during forging process.
4. Shear burst.
Shear burst may occur during forging, as in the circumference of the round head or flange head screw or flange face, usually about 45 degrees from the axis of the screw.
2. The crack or strip of raw material is usually a thin straight line or smooth curve extending along the longitudinal direction of thread, bare rod and head. It is usually the inherent defect of the manufacturing material of fasteners.
Three, dent dents are shallow holes or dents on the surface of screws. There is a rush or imprint caused by chips or cutting burrs or rusty layers of raw materials that cannot be eliminated in the forging or upsetting process.
Four, wrinkles and wrinkles are metal folding on the surface of fasteners during forging. In the process of one impact forging, wrinkles occur due to the displacement of the material caused by insufficient volume and different shapes.
Five. Cut marks are shallow grooves in longitudinal or circumferential directions. It is due to the movement of the tool beyond the surface of the screw.
Six. Damage screws on any surface. Produced in the manufacture and transportation of screws by external influences.
The above six are the common defects of screw fasteners, we must pay attention to the surface of the screw when we buy screw fasteners to see if there are any of these defects.
Main types of casting process
The main process of casting includes metal melting, model making, pouring solidification and demoulding cleaning. The main materials used for casting are cast steel, cast iron, casting nonferrous alloys (copper, aluminum, zinc, lead, etc.).
Casting process can be divided into sand casting process and special casting process.
Folding special casting process
Special casting processes include centrifugal casting, low pressure casting, differential pressure casting, pressurized casting, plaster casting, ceramic casting and so on.
Pressure casting
Pressure casting refers to the casting process of molten metal under the action of other external forces (without gravity). The broad sense of pressure casting includes die casting and vacuum casting, low pressure casting, centrifugal casting, etc. The narrow sense of pressure casting refers to die casting machine metal mold pressure casting, referred to as die casting. These casting processes are the most commonly used and the lowest price in the nonferrous metal casting at present.
Metal mold casting
Metal mold casting is a modern technology of hollow casting mold made of metal (heat-resistant alloy steel, ductile iron, heat-resistant cast iron, etc.).
Metal mold can be either gravity casting or pressure casting. The metal mold can be used repeatedly. Each time the molten metal is poured, a casting is obtained. The life is long and the production efficiency is high. Metal mold casting not only has good dimensional accuracy and smooth surface, but also has higher strength and less damage than sand mold under the condition of pouring the same liquid metal. Therefore, in the mass production of non-ferrous metals in medium and small castings, as long as the melting point of the casting material is not high, generally preferred metal mold casting. However, metal mold casting also has some drawbacks: because heat-resistant alloy steel and the manufacture of hollow cavities on it are more expensive, so the metal mold costs a lot, but overall and die-casting mold costs are much cheaper than. For small batch production, the cost of the mold apportioned to each product is obviously too high, generally unacceptable. Because the metal mold is limited by the mold material size and cavity processing equipment, casting equipment capacity, so it also appears powerless to the particularly large castings. As a result, metal mold casting is seldom used in small batch and large piece production. In addition, although the metal mold used heat-resistant alloy steel, but the heat resistance is still limited, generally used in aluminum alloy, zinc alloy, magnesium alloy casting, copper alloy casting has been less used, but less used in ferrous metal casting.
Die-casting
Die casting is a metal mold die casting on the die casting machine, which is the highest production efficiency casting technology at present.
Die casting machine is divided into two types: hot chamber die casting machine and cold chamber die casting machine. Hot-chamber die-casting machine has high degree of automation, less material loss and higher production efficiency than cold-chamber die-casting machine. However, due to the heat resistance of the machine, it can only be used in the production of zinc alloy, magnesium alloy and other low melting point materials. Nowadays aluminum alloy die castings widely used can only be produced on cold chamber die casting machines due to their high melting point. The main feature of die casting is that the liquid metal fills the cavity under high pressure and high speed, and forms and solidifies under high pressure. The shortcomings of die casting are that the air in the cavity is bound to be trapped in the inner part of the casting inevitably during the filling process of the liquid metal under high pressure and high speed, thus forming the subcutaneous pores. It is not suitable for heat treatment. Zinc alloy die castings should not be sprayed (but can be painted). Otherwise, when the internal pores of the casting are heated by the above treatment, the casting will be deformed or bubbled due to thermal expansion. In addition, the machining allowance of die castings should also be smaller, generally around 0.5mm, which can not only reduce the weight of the castings, reduce the amount of cutting to reduce costs, but also avoid penetrating the surface of the dense layer, expose subcutaneous pores, resulting in scrap of the workpiece.
Melt mold casting
Lost wax casting, now called investment casting, is a kind of casting technology with little or no cutting. It is an excellent casting technology in the foundry industry, and it is widely used. It is not only suitable for casting of various types and alloys, but also for producing castings with higher dimensional accuracy and surface quality than other casting methods. Even castings which are difficult to be cast by other casting methods are complex, high temperature resistant and difficult to be processed. Investment casting can be used for casting.
Investment casting is developed on the basis of wax pattern casting in ancient times. As an ancient civilized country, China is one of the countries that used this technology earlier. As far back as centuries BC, the ancient working people in China created this lost wax casting technology, which was used to cast clocks, tripods and utensils with various fine patterns and characters, such as the Chunqiu Zeng Hou Yi tomb plate. The pedestal of the grave of Zeng Houyi is a series of intertwined dragons, which are interlaced at the top and bottom to form a multi-layer moire pattern in the middle. These patterns are difficult to be made by ordinary casting technology, but the paraffin wax casting technology can be used to make them without strength and easy to carve. The exquisite Zeng Hou Yi tomb tray can be obtained by carving the same paraffin material as the tray of Zeng Hou Yi tomb, and then adding pouring system, coating, dewaxing and pouring.
The modern investment casting method was applied in industrial production in 1940s. The development of jet engines at that time required the manufacture of complex shapes, precise sizes and surfaces such as blades, impellers and nozzles.
Mechanical maintenance
Whether the manufacturer for after-sales maintenance and maintenance of machinery, whether it is new or old customers for their own maintenance and maintenance of equipment, must pay attention to their own, no matter how good equipment do not know maintenance and maintenance, equipment life will never be big.
This is the first stage of troubleshooting. It is a crucial stage. The following tasks should be done:
(1) When inquiring and investigating, when receiving the information of troubleshooting in the machine tool field, the operator should be asked to keep the fault status as far as possible and not to do any treatment, so as to analyze the cause of the fault quickly and accurately. At the same time, the fault indication, fault appearances and the background of the fault are carefully inquired, and a preliminary judgment is made on the basis of which, in order to determine the tools, instruments, drawings and spare parts that should be carried by the site troubleshooting, and to reduce the round-trip time.
After the on-site inspection arrives at the scene, the accuracy and completeness of various situations provided by the operator should be verified first, so as to verify the accuracy of the preliminary judgment. Due to the operator’s level, there are many cases of unclear or even completely inaccurate description of the fault situation, so after arriving at the scene still do not rush to deal with, re-careful investigation of various situations, so as not to damage the scene, making troubleshooting more difficult.
(3) Fault analysis according to the known fault status according to the fault classification method described in the preceding section to analyze the fault type, so as to determine the principle of troubleshooting. Because most of the faults are indicated, it is generally possible to list the possible causes of the faults by comparing the diagnostic manuals and instructions of the CNC system matched with the machine tools.
(4) Determine the cause and find out the real cause of the fault through the investigation of various possible causes. At this time, the maintenance personnel is a comprehensive test of the machine tool’s familiarity, knowledge level, practical experience and ability to analyze and judge.
_Troubleshooting methods for troubleshooting preparation may be simple, and some faults are often more complex, requiring a series of preparatory work, such as the preparation of tools and meters, partial disassembly, repair of parts, procurement of components and even troubleshooting planning steps and so on.
Safety operation rules for cutting machines
1.1 In order to implement the policy of “safety first, prevention first”, strengthen safety management, enhance safety awareness, ensure safe production, eliminate people’s unsafe behavior, the unsafe state of things, so that safety production can be followed by rules, there is evidence to follow, this regulation is specially formulated.
1.2 Operators must strictly abide by the relevant provisions of “Safety Management System for Chemical Enterprises” and “Prohibition of Chemical Safety Production”.
1.3 this regulation is applicable to the maintenance personnel of each workshop.
2, operation procedures
2.1 before wearing objects, wear gloves (gloves, respirators and glasses) to prevent splashes from hurting people.
2.2 Cutting machine must be checked before use whether it can be used normally (such as the power cord is damaged, cutting blade is closely related to whether there is damage, etc.).
2.3 When replacing the cutting blade, first turn off the power supply and hang the warning board. The cutting blade must be concentric and tightened so as not to fall off and hurt people.
2.4 the cutting machine must be used in the designated rooms of the workshop, and can not be cut into inflammable and human.
2.4 when starting, check whether the cutting machine is running in the right direction.
2.5 when cutting machine, the object must be clamped.
2.6 when cutting objects, force should be steady. During operation, if the cutting piece is damaged, it must be stopped immediately, and replace the intact cutting piece before running.
2.7 After cutting, first turn off the power supply, when the grinding wheel stop rotating, then take the object, so as to avoid flying cutting blade injury.
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