2020 – Page 29 – CNC Machining & Turning, Milling, Metal parts

Tool magazine of five axis machining center

1、 What tool magazine does five axis machining center use

Among all kinds of machining centers, five axis machining center is the most technical machining center. In the 1980s and 1990s, the five axis machining center was listed as a strategic material, and there were extremely strict restrictions on export and import. We can imagine how high the status of five axis machining center was at that time. Today, the five axis machining center still has a strong influence, and is still in an irreplaceable position in the processing of various high-end scientific and technological parts.

Although there are no clear requirements for the selection of tool magazine for five axis machining center, we will always choose a better tool magazine when selecting tool magazine of five axis machining center. This is based on the features of the five axis machining center. The workpieces processed by 5-axis machining center are generally very complex, and the requirements for precision are very high. The selection of tool magazine and tool directly affects the machining efficiency and the quality of workpiece, so the selection of tool magazine for five axis machining center cannot be ignored.

When selecting tool magazine for five axis machining center, we need to choose better tool magazine and more precise tool. A good magazine is based on the type and brand of the magazine. For example, for a five axis vmc850 machining center, we can choose the tool magazine types of hat type and tool arm type, so we’d better choose to use the tool arm type tool library. As for the magazine and the brand of the tool, there are different opinions.

2、 What are the tool magazine of five axis machining center

The five axis machining center can be a large vertical machining center or a small vertical machining center. However, the tool magazine of these two kinds of machining centers can only be selected as the hat type and the knife arm type. Generally, we can’t see the bamboo hat type tool magazine on the five axis machining center, and few people will use the hat type tool library on the five axis machining center. The type of tool magazine of five axis high speed machining center is different from that of common machining center. The tool magazine used in high-speed machining center is the tool arm type and the same motion type. Generally, the tool magazine with the same motion is better and the tool change speed is faster. The same is true for the drilling and drilling center. There is no big difference between the arm type magazine and the flying saucer type magazine. The flying saucer type magazine has faster tool changing speed than the clamping arm type one, and the capacity of the general tool magazine is larger than that of the clamping arm type, which can meet the needs of most customers.

3、 Tool magazine brand of five axis machining center

Domestic use of five axis machining center customers, almost will not use domestic tool library, the reason we all understand. Taiwan tool magazine and imported tool magazine are mostly used in domestic five axis machining center. Taiwan’s Dao warehouses, such as Shengjie, shoulun, deta, Okada, etc., are all very good brands with high cost performance. However, the imported tool magazine is not used much. Jieli from the United States, KTC and reichenbacher from Germany are all well-known brands of tool magazine. The quality is good, the precision is good, but the price is very high. How to choose the tool magazine of five axis machining center depends on the customer’s demand and economic ability.

Types and characteristics of diamond tools

As we all know, diamond tool is the most hard tool among all the tools, and its quality is very good. Its tool has high hardness, high wear resistance and good thermal conductivity, which is widely used in machining center tools. The main characteristics of the tool used in the machining center are high efficiency, high stability and long service life. It is indispensable to use the machining center to process the workpiece with high hardness. There are three kinds of materials used in diamond cutting tools, which are pure natural diamond, PCD diamond and CVD diamond.

Natural diamond tools:

Natural diamond has been used as a tool for nearly a hundred years. After fine grinding, the blade of natural diamond tool can be ground very sharp, and can be ground to ultra-thin. After investigation, natural diamond can be finely ground to the edge of 0.002 μ m radius. Using this tool to process workpieces can carry out ultra-thin cutting, and can process the ultimate machining accuracy and smooth surface Said that the surface roughness processed is very low. This kind of natural diamond tool is called irreplaceable ultra precision and ideal tool in the future. Natural diamond tools are easy to use, but they are very expensive. Few enterprises in China are willing to buy such expensive tools.

PCD diamond tools:

PCD diamond material is actually polycrystalline diamond, its English name is polycrystal diamond, PCD diamond is made by high temperature and high pressure synthesis technology. Because of the high price of natural diamond, there are synthetic polycrystalline diamond, its price is only one dozens of natural diamond. However, in terms of performance, polycrystalline diamond can not match, for example, natural diamond can fine grind ultra-thin blade, while polycrystalline diamond can not. In addition, in the machining center, the surface quality of workpiece processed with polycrystalline diamond tool is not as good as that of natural diamond tool. Natural diamond tool can carry out ultra-thin cutting of workpiece, while polycrystalline diamond tool cannot For ultra-thin cutting, polycrystalline diamond tools are suitable for finishing, while natural diamond tools are suitable for ultra-fine machining.

CVD diamond tools:

CVD diamond is also artificially synthesized. It appeared between 1970s and 1980s and was developed by Japan. CVD diamond refers to the synthesis of diamond films on heterogeneous substrates (such as cemented carbide, ceramics, etc.) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD /). The characteristics of CVD diamond are almost the same as that of natural diamond. The tool made of CVD diamond material can be regarded as perfect. It has the advantages of natural diamond and polycrystalline diamond at the same time.

Machining center angle head

The angle head of machining center is a very important part of machining center, but some friends who use machining center do not know enough about it, or even use it very little, so it can not give full play to the powerful performance of machining center.

1、 What is the angle head of machining center

The angle head of machining center is a common accessory head in CNC machining center industry in the market today. It is the only kind of accessory that can complete the side processing without secondary clamping the workpiece, especially for drilling, tapping and milling groove machining in some circular holes and small-sized cavities. It is absolutely essential tool. Because of its special and necessary function, the angle head has been widely recognized in the CNC market.

2、 What is the angle head of machining center

Gantry special heavy angle head BT50 output BT50
Light 90 degree standard angle head — the spindle is BT50 or BT40, and the output is ER40, er32, ER25, ER20, ER16, etc.
Non standard angle head – customized, the general cycle is 1-2 months.
Special heavy cutting angle head for machining center — the spindle is BT50 or BT40, and the output is BT40.
Universal angle head: light universal can rotate 0-180 degrees, heavy universal can rotate 360 degrees.

3、 Application field of machining center angle head

The application of machining center angle head is mainly a specific process. For example: precision workpiece, one-time fixed, need to process multiple faces; hole in hole, milling head or other tools can not probe into the hole to process small hole; machining center can not process inclined hole, inclined slot, etc., such as cylinder, box shell inner hole, when a circle of hole needs to be processed on the periphery of circular workpiece, the fourth axis processing can realize complete automation. The side needs to be processed by various processes, and automatic tool change can be realized by using multiple tools.

CNC machining center processing composite materials

There are few and no composite materials processed by machining center, but it is strict to process composite materials with machining center, and there are some precautions:

Now the amount of composite materials has been rising, so the use of machining centers to add composite materials has also been rising. In the past, we used to drill and cut the edge by hand, but now we use machinery to finish it. Using machining center to process composite materials is much faster than manual processing, and the precision is high. However, once there is a problem, there will be serious loss. Therefore, the process, tool selection and processing parameters are particularly important for processing composite materials.

Matters needing attention in selecting cutting tools for machining composite materials

1、 Generally, the size of composite auxiliary materials is relatively large, and its workpiece structure is complex, and its hardness and strength are very high. The cutting force used in the machining process is relatively large, and the heat produced by the processing is difficult to transfer out, which may severely scorch the resin or soften the resin, resulting in severe tool wear. Therefore, the tool used must have carbon fiber, and the cutting speed should be greater than 500 / min, and the feed speed must be small. In the process of edge cutting, carbide hobbing cutter, electroplated diamond grinding wheel, diamond inlaid milling cutter and copper based diamond grain saw blade should be selected.

2、 The cutting effect of the three new types of special milling cutters for machining monolithic cemented carbide composites is better. They all have some common characteristics: high rigidity, small helix angle, even 0 ° angle. The specially designed herringbone blade can effectively reduce the axial cutting force and delamination, and their machining efficiency and effect are very good.

3、 The interlaminar strength of carbon fiber composites is low, and it is easy to produce delamination under the action of cutting force. Therefore, the axial force should be reduced when drilling or trimming. High speed and small feed are required for drilling. The rotating speed is generally 3000 ~ 6000r / min, and the feed rate is 0.01 ~ 0.04mm/r. It is better to select three tips and two edges or two tips and two edges for the drill bit. The sharp tip can cut off the carbon fiber layer first. The two edges play a repair role on the hole wall. The diamond embedded drill head is sharp and wear-resistant. It is a difficult problem to drill the interlayer between composite and titanium alloy. Generally, the integral cemented carbide bit is used to drill according to the cutting parameters of drilling titanium alloy. From the titanium alloy side, the drilling is carried out until the drilling is through. Lubricant is added during drilling to alleviate the burn of composite materials. Boeing company specially developed PCD combined bit for interlayer drilling.

Special attention: the composite chip is powder, which is harmful to human health. High power vacuum cleaner should be used for dust collection, and water cooling can also effectively reduce dust pollution

Advantages and disadvantages of cutting fluid for CNC machining center

The cutting fluid plays a very important role in the machining of workpiece in CNC machining center. Cutting fluid will be used in any material processed by CNC machining center. Therefore, cutting fluid is an indispensable liquid in CNC machining center. The main function of the cutting fluid is lubrication, cooling, anti-corrosion, anti rust, etc. if there is no cutting fluid for processing, the workpiece will be easy to deform and rust under high temperature. Therefore, CNC machining center must use cutting fluid to avoid this undesirable phenomenon.

There are many kinds of cutting fluids. Today, we will talk about several commonly used in the market. These are emulsion, chemical synthetic cutting fluid and cutting oil added with extreme pressure additives. Today, we will introduce these three common cutting fluids.

Advantages and disadvantages of cutting oil with EP additive

Advantages: the general use and cutting speed is not higher than 60m / min, the main cutting speed is not higher than 60m / min, regardless of any material cutting processing. Disadvantages: in high-speed cutting, due to the large amount of heat, oil-based cutting fluid heat dissipation effect is poor, so in high-speed cutting will produce stable and high smoke or fire. Therefore, due to high stability will have a certain impact on the workpiece, such as workpiece deformation, poor machining accuracy and other adverse phenomena.

Advantages and disadvantages of emulsion

Advantages: the biggest advantage of emulsion is strong heat dissipation, can clean the workpiece and high cost performance, which is conducive to the health and safety of operators. Therefore, the general metal processing plant is to choose the use of emulsion processing. In addition to the materials that are particularly difficult to machine, emulsion can be used for almost all light and medium load cutting and most heavy load processing, especially for processing thread grinding, groove hemp cutting and other complex grinding. Disadvantages: the biggest defect of emulsion is that it is easy to make bacteria and mold multiply, and make the effective components in emulsion decompose and stink and deteriorate In general, organic fungicides with low toxicity should be added.

Advantages and disadvantages of chemical synthetic cutting fluid

Advantages: it has the advantages of high cost performance, fast heat dissipation, strong cleaning ability and excellent workpiece visibility. It is very easy to control the size of the workpiece. Its stability and anti-corruption ability are better than emulsion. The disadvantage is that the lubrication ability is not strong, it is easy to suck the adhesion and wear of the moving parts of the machining center. Moreover, the viscous residue left by the chemical synthesis will affect the movement of the parts of the machining center and cause the rust of the overlapping surfaces of the parts.

Types of CNC machining centers

Many friends who are new to machining centers don’t know much about machining centers, so occasionally some customers will ask what kind of CNC machining centers there are. CNC machining center we have had a lot of introduction, to introduce the types of CNC machining center, CNC machining center in the end what kind? After reading the following content introduction, you will understand.

1、 What kinds of CNC machining centers are there

In fact, CNC machining centers can be divided into vertical machining centers and horizontal machining centers according to the structure of CNC machining centers. CNC machining centers can be divided into vertical machining centers and horizontal machining centers according to their structures, which can be divided into vertical machining centers, vertical machining centers, vertical machining centers, and horizontal machining centers Horizontal machining center, gantry machining center, high-speed machining center, drilling and drilling center are all types of CNC machining centers.

2、 Recommendation of different products of CNC machining center

We have already talked about the types of CNC machining centers. At present, the types of CNC machining centers of mingwan machine tools include vertical machining center, gantry machining center, high-speed machining center and drilling and drilling center. Let’s introduce their respective advantages. Vertical machining center is our most commonly used machining center, and so are our small machining center A kind of vertical machining center, with the characteristics of miniaturization and high cost performance, gantry machining center is called the terminator of Dali Canada. Our gantry machining center can replace vmc1270, vmc1370 and vmc1580. With many advantages, the price is lower than Dali plus. The high-speed machining center is mainly used to make high-precision and high-finish products, with 12000 rotary direct spindle. Drilling and tapping center tool library is different, mainly used for making precision 3C products.

Installation of a and C rotating shafts of five axis vertical machining center

Five axis machining centers are not new to you. Five axis vertical machining centers generally have five moving axes, which are three linear axes / (XYZ /) and two rotating axes / (AB /) or / (AC /), which are represented by different representation methods according to their installation positions. Today, I mainly introduce the installation position of a and C rotating shafts of five axis vertical machining center.

The A and C rotation axes of the five axis machining center can be installed in different positions. For example, the A and C rotation axes can be installed on the worktable or the spindle, or they can be installed on the workbench or the spindle respectively. The A and C rotation installation positions of the five axis machining center are mainly determined by the product. In the market, the A and C rotation of the common five axis vertical machining center are both Installed on the workbench, there are few other types of installation. Now let’s introduce it to you.

Five axis machining center a, C rotation axis is installed on the worktable

In general, the A, C rotating shaft is installed on the worktable in this way, and it is the most seen in the market. Because of the limited size of the workpiece, this kind of installation method can not process large workpieces or load the machining center, because the bearing capacity of a rotation is limited.

Five axis machining center a, C rotation axis is installed on the spindle

There are few ways to install a and C rotating shafts on the main shaft. This kind of a and C rotating shaft installation mode is used to process large workpieces, and its load capacity is stronger than that of installing a and C rotating shafts on the workbench. Therefore, this kind of a, C rotating shaft installation method will be used in processing large-size workpieces.

The A and C rotating axes of the five axis machining center are respectively installed on the worktable and the spindle

In general, the a-axis is installed on the main shaft, while the c-axis is installed on the table. This kind of a-axis and c-axis installation mode is also relatively rare. It can process large-scale workpieces and grab the load capacity.

Groove tool for vertical machining center

Many novices don’t know what tools to use when programming. When they encounter surfaces, grooves, holes, etc., they don’t know what tools to use. I believe many inexperienced novices have no idea about this matter. Xiaobian has some experience in using tools here. Today, I’d like to share them with you. Of course, it’s very difficult for beginners to introduce what kind of tools to use according to the processing procedures Digestion, so today I only introduce what kind of tool is used to process grooves.

What kind of tool is used for machining groove in vertical machining center

It is normal to use vertical machining center to process grooves. Of course, not only vertical machining centers can process grooves, but also other CNC machines can process grooves. The groove mentioned here can be easily understood as a straight groove. Experienced programming engineers will use a flat milling cutter to process the straight groove. Using the flat milling cutter to process the straight groove not only has good chip removal ability, but also has high machining accuracy, which can control the machining accuracy well. Therefore, it is better to use the flat milling cutter to process the groove.

What other CNC machine tools can be grooved

In addition to the vertical machining center can add grooves, there are many CNC machine tools can also process grooves, such as CNC milling machine, gantry machining center and so on. These CNC machines can also process grooves. Because there are many CNC machines that can process grooves, we will not list them one by one.

The belt drive spindle of machining center has abnormal sound

After using the belt drive spindle machining center for a long time, it is found that the spindle box belt has abnormal noise, whether it is in forward or reverse rotation, there will be some noise. According to many years of experience, most of them are belt problems. As long as we start from the belt of the main shaft, we can find out the key problem of making noise.

The belt tension of the spindle connected to the servo motor is too high

The tension of the belt connecting the main shaft to the servo motor should not be too tight. If it is too tight, it will easily lead to the wear of the belt, slip and make abnormal noise,

The belt tension between the spindle and the servo motor is too low

The tension of the belt connecting the spindle to the servo motor should not be too low. If the tension is too low, it will appear that the belt connecting the spindle to the servo motor is too loose. In this way, it is easy to cause slipping and make abnormal noise during heavy cutting.

The belt connecting the spindle to the servo motor is damaged

In general, the machining center has been used for a long time, and it is inevitable that there will be some defects, such as the transmission belt, which will wear after a long time, which is also one of the reasons for the abnormal noise of the belt. Therefore, the better quality of the drive belt to use a longer time, poor quality drive belt use time is shorter.

The tooth profile of the drive belt does not match that of the servo motor and the spindle

As the drive belt of the machining center is used for a long time, it will cause some wear, so many customers purchase the drive belt to replace it in order to save the cost. After replacement, it is found that the tooth shape of the drive belt is not consistent with that of the servo motor and the spindle, which will cause abnormal noise during use. It is suggested that customers should pay attention to whether the model of the purchased drive belt is the same as that of the removed worn belt. If different types of drive belts are used persistently, the abnormal noise of the belt in the transmission process will be caused, and even the gear wear of servo motor and spindle will be caused, resulting in serious consequences.

Vice Clamp installed in machining center

Vice clamp is installed on the working table of machining center

In fact, the installation method of vice clamp is very simple. Firstly, move the vice onto the workbench of the machining center, correct it to the pre-determined position, and then fix the locating block under the Vice Clamp in the T-groove of the working table of the machining center. This method is to prevent the vice clamp from deviated from the position corrected before the re cutting process, and also confirm the vice clamp position The parallelism and verticality of the fixture. This will allow the fixture to be installed.

Key points for installation of workpieces

Just after the vice clamp has been installed, then it will introduce how to install the workpiece on the clamp just now.

Before installing the workpiece, the parallelism and verticality of the workpiece shall be confirmed. If the parallelism and verticality are poor, the clamping force after the installation of the workpiece cannot be guaranteed.
It is necessary to ensure that the workpiece is installed in the middle of the clamp, and the clamping force of the clamp is consistent with the center of the workpiece, and there will be no offset.
Pay attention to not too hard when installing workpiece clamping, otherwise excessive force will cause deformation and poor machining accuracy.
The two used gasket must be of the same model. The same type of gasket referred to here is the same size and material of gasket. If the gasket is not the same type, the parallelism and verticality of the workpiece will be poor, which directly affects the processing accuracy of the workpiece.