CNC machining mainly refers to the use of digital information recorded on the media to control the machine tool, so that it can automatically perform the specified processing tasks. Numerical control machining can ensure the products to achieve high machining accuracy and stable machining quality; the operation process is easy to achieve automation; high productivity, short production cycle; can reduce a large number of process equipment to meet the needs of rapid product upgrading; it is usually closely linked with CAD to achieve the transformation of design ideas to the final product.
In the whole CNC process, we should focus on the relationship between the processes and the significance of each step. Broadly speaking, the whole process consists of product analysis graphic design process planning path generation path simulation path output processing inspection.
- Product analysis through product analysis should obtain certain composition information and some specific processing requirements.
- Graphic design graphic design should be based on the detailed analysis of the product, determine the type of graphics by analyzing the processing requirements, and draw through the graphics software.
- Path generation the process of path generation is that we realize the process planning by software, and optimize the tool path by setting parameters.
- Through the analysis of the appearance and processing requirements of the workpiece product in the early stage of process planning, each processing step is reasonably established from the overall situation of processing.
- After the path simulation path is generated, we generally have no intuitive sense of its final performance on the machine tool. Here we can check the possible problems through path simulation, so as to reduce the scrap rate of actual processing. The general inspection focuses on the effect of the workpiece appearance, whether it is overcut or undercut, and whether the process planning of the path is reasonable.
- Path output path output is a necessary step for software design and programming to realize on the machine tool. Through path output, the intermediate reference can establish a connection between the two. If you have NC professional background, it can also be understood as the post-processing of tool path. Analysis of tool change action in machining center of automatic lathe
The tool changing procedure of this machine tool is more than 900 steps, so it is difficult to understand its working principle. Computer gong processing | mechanical parts processing | CNC machine tool processing | Dongguan high-speed computer gong processing here, the ATC data exchange, transmission, storage and tool number storage and other contents are briefly transported, and the tool change action is described as follows: CNC machining manufacturer’s CNC tool change instruction (M06) → tool sleeve down → drop to position → manipulator rotation → rotation deceleration → rotation to position (x4.7) → spindle tool release → release to position Position → manipulator rotation → rotation deceleration → rotation in place → spindle tool clamping → clamping in place (x2.5) → manipulator reversal → machinery in place, tool change is completed. Among them, the fast and slow speed of the manipulator is realized by the frequency converter, and the motor drives the mechanical cam to drive the manipulator up and down.
Tool drop fault
The phenomenon of tool drop has occurred for a long time. At the beginning, it happened once in a while, once a month, or even once in two or three months. Thinking that it was caused by accidental factors, it did not attract enough attention. Slowly, it happened once a week, or even twice. At the same time, it was accompanied by the situation that the tool on the spindle was not in place. Later, it gradually evolved into a shift with multiple failures, which seriously affected the production progress and caused waste products. After careful observation, there are two cases of tool drop fault, one is tool drop after the processing of this step, the other is tool drop on the worktable when this step is not processed at all. In the process of machining, the tool change action is carried out and the action sequence is normal, so there is no alarm phenomenon when the tool drop and loading (installed on the spindle) are not in place. Only when the operator checks the workpiece or hears the abnormal sound of tool drop, the fault will occur. Therefore, in the automatic lathe production line, sometimes there will be batch waste products due to tool drop.
Fault analysis and treatment
(1) Check the manipulator to carry out the troubleshooting steps of ATC tool change, and stop the manipulator at the vertical limit position. Check the two claws on the manipulator arm and the spring supporting the claw and other accessories. No problem was found, indicating that the manipulator clamping tool is tight, and the tool will not drop when the manipulator is rotating.
(2) Check the clamping condition of the tool. According to the analysis of the phenomenon that the tool can not be installed on the spindle, it may be that the disc spring in the inner hole of the spindle can not clamp the tool tightly, resulting in the phenomenon that the tool is not installed in place, or even can not be installed and the tool falls off. When the spindle was disassembled, several pairs of disc springs were found broken. So all disc springs were replaced. There was no problem during the test run. After running for one shift, the tool fell off again
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