Category Archive CNC Technology

1、 What is the vacuum sucker of CNC computer gong

Vacuum suction cup, also known as vacuum spreader, is one of vacuum equipment actuators. Generally speaking, it is the cheapest way to grab the product with vacuum sucker. There are various types of vacuum suction cups. Rubber suction cups can be operated at high temperature. The suction cups made of silicone rubber are very suitable for grasping products with rough surface, while those made of polyurethane are very durable. In addition, in the actual production, if the sucker is required to have oil resistance, polyurethane, nitrile rubber or polymer containing vinyl can be used to make sucker. Generally, in order to avoid scratches on the surface of the products, it is better to choose the suction cup with bellows made of nitrile rubber or silicone rubber. The material of suction cup is made of nitrile rubber, which has large breaking force, so it is widely used in various vacuum holding equipment.

2、 Vacuum sucker used in CNC computer gongs

The vacuum chuck plays the role of fixture in CNC machining center. Some workpieces require high surface smoothness, so they can’t use the fixture of common CNC computer gong. At this time, the vacuum chuck can be put into use. However, we seldom use rubber vacuum cups in CNC computer gongs. We use CNC vacuum cups more. The so-called CNC vacuum sucker is a kind of special vacuum suction cup with vacuum generator and switch. The suction principle is the same as rubber vacuum chuck, which creates a vacuum environment to make the suction cup press on the workpiece under atmospheric pressure, but CNC vacuum chuck is the only one The vacuum environment is produced by the vacuum generator. The rubber vacuum chuck is a simple vacuum component, while the CNC vacuum sucker is like a large plate.

CNC computer gongs usually use vacuum chuck because the workpiece has high requirements for surface smoothness, or when the fixture of CNC computer gong itself can not clamp the workpiece well, it is a relatively cheap special fixture in CNC machine tools

Introduction to guide rail of machining center

The line rail machining center is quite common in the market, but we didn’t pay attention to it. The line rail machining center simply means that the guide rail uses the line rail. There are two types of guide rails used in machining centers, which are line rails and hard rails. There are few machining centers using hard rails in the market, while more machining centers use line rails. The line rail is called linear guide rail and linear guide rail. The line rail can be divided into ball guide rail and roller guide rail. In fact, there is no difference between the two kinds of line rail in essence. The ball guide rail is in point contact by moving friction, while the roller guide rail is in line contact by moving friction.

The line rail is generally composed of slide rail and slide block. The size of slide rail is customized according to the needs of the machine itself, and the sliding block has built-in circulating ball or roller.

Advantages of line rail machining center

The main advantages of the line rail machining center are fast running speed, small rolling friction resistance, no signs of slow crawling, high machining accuracy and convenient lubrication. After a long service time, the machining accuracy of the line rail machining center is not affected, and the damaged line rail can be disassembled and replaced. Line rail machining center is rolling friction, point or line contact, the contact area is small, the friction resistance is naturally small, more suitable for high-speed machining and small cutting capacity of workpiece processing.

The tool magazine commonly used in machining center includes hat type tool magazine and disc type tool magazine, and there is also a kind of chain type tool magazine. This kind of tool magazine is generally installed on gantry machining center and horizontal machining center, but rarely used in vertical machining center.

Characteristics of bamboo hat type tool magazine

The biggest feature of the bamboo hat type tool magazine is its high cost performance and simple structure. Its tool change speed can be completed in 8s. It is better to use it in small batch production. The maintenance and maintenance of the bamboo hat type tool magazine is simple and convenient. The disadvantages of the bamboo hat type tool library are that the tool change speed is slow, when the handle is placed in the magazine, the cone surface is open without protection, and the cone surface is easy to stick Dirt will directly affect the accuracy of tool repeated installation.

Characteristics of disc type magazine

Disk magazine can be called manipulator magazine and arm magazine. They are different in each place, but they are the same. They are all disc magazine. The tool change speed of disc type magazine is fast, complex and expensive. The tool change speed of disc magazine is less than 4 s because of its tool change action: the mechanical arm pulls the tool from the tool magazine and the main shaft at the same time, and installs it to the spindle and magazine through 180 ° rotation, thus completing the tool change process. The price of the magazine is much higher than that of the hat magazine. The magazine can load up to 40 tools. The disc type magazine is extremely strict on the weight of the tool. Once the loaded tool exceeds the bearing range of the magazine, the tool will be easily thrown out of the magazine, which is easy to cause accidents. If the length of the tool exceeds the specified size, it will collide with the tool in the process of tool change, which will cause damage to the magazine and the tool.

According to the characteristics of the above magazine, which is better? The problem is clear at a glance. The bamboo hat type magazine is cheap and easy to maintain, while the disc magazine is fast and expensive.

CNC system is the control core of machining center, which is equivalent to human brain. The spindle of machining center is equivalent to human heart, which is the source of main processing power of machining center. To sum up, the spindle of machining center is essential, so the selection of spindle must be careful. There are four kinds of main shaft transmission structures, which have different characteristics and speed.

What is the main shaft drive structure of machining center and its speed and characteristics

There are four kinds of spindle of machining center according to the transmission structure, which are gear drive spindle, belt drive spindle, direct connection spindle and electric main power. These four kinds are common in the market. These four kinds of transmission structure spindle speed and characteristics are different, each has its own advantages. Gear drive spindle: its speed is generally 6000r / min, and its rigidity is good and it is suitable for heavy cutting occasions. Its main shaft is generally equipped with multi head machine tools; belt drive spindle: its speed is 8000 R / min, simple structure, easy production, strong buffer capacity, effective protection of spindle in case of spindle overload; direct spindle: its spindle and motor are connected through coupling Drive, large distortion, low energy consumption, its speed is more than 12000r / min, this kind of spindle is generally used in high-speed machining center; motorized spindle: the spindle and motor are integrated, the motor is the spindle, the spindle is the motor, it can be said that the spindle and motor are integrated into one, the transmission chain of this spindle is almost zero, and the spindle speed is between 18000-40000 R / min, and higher For example, maglev bearing and hydrostatic bearing are used in motorized spindle bearing of foreign advanced countries, and its speed can reach 100000r / min. this kind of spindle is generally used in high-speed machining center;

What are the common transmission structure spindles used in machining centers

There are three kinds of spindle with the above four kinds of transmission structure commonly used in machining center, which are belt drive spindle, straight spindle and motorized spindle. These three kinds of transmission structure spindle are commonly used in machining center, while gear drive spindle is rarely used in machining center, but there are also some, such as those used in multi head machining center. Belt drive spindle is generally used in small machining centers and large machining centers, while straight spindle and motorized spindle are commonly used in high-speed machining centers.

Introduction of spindle of machining center

The CNC system of machining center is the core component, which is mainly used to control the action of machining center. It usually controls the position, angle and speed of the three axes of the machining center. From the above, the CNC system of the machining center is equivalent to the human brain, so the spindle of the machining center is the cutting processing, and the output of the power is equivalent to the heart of the human body. The spindle determines the cutting ability, dynamic stiffness and machining accuracy of the machining center. The start, stop and rotation speed of the spindle are controlled by the CNC system. After the spindle is installed with a tool, it can participate in the cutting of the workpiece. The spindle is the most important mechanical part of the machining center, which has a great influence on the performance, stability and machining accuracy of the machining center.

Composition of spindle of machining center

The spindle of machining center is mainly composed of spindle, spindle support, spindle bearing, spindle drive and seal. According to the different transmission parts of the spindle, it can be divided into four types: gear driven spindle, belt driven spindle, direct coupling spindle and motorized spindle. The speed and application of these four types of spindles are different. The speed of gear driven spindle is generally 6000r / min, which is more suitable for heavy cutting; belt driven spindle is also known as synchronous belt drive spindle, which is mainly driven by belt teeth, and its spindle speed is generally at 8000r / min, which is more suitable for heavy cutting occasions; direct connected spindle is composed of motor The spindle is connected by a shaft coupler to drive. The speed of this kind of spindle is generally 12000-18000r / min. the direct connected spindle is not suitable for heavy cutting, but only suitable for processing workpieces with small cutting capacity, which is suitable for finishing. Motorized spindle: its spindle is integrated with the motor, the motor is the spindle, and the main shaft is the motor. The motor and the spindle are integrated into one, and its spindle is the most in the world For a fast spindle, its speed is more than 18000r / min. if the motorized spindle adopts aerostatic bearing and maglev bearing, the maximum speed can reach 100000r / min. this kind of spindle is generally used in finish machining, not suitable for heavy cutting.

Difference between five axis machining center and three axis machining center

The biggest difference between 5-axis machining center and 3-axis machining center is that on the motion axis, five axis machining center has five motion axes, namely XYZ linear motion axis and AC rotation motion axis; while three-axis machining center has only three motion axes, which are the conventional XYZ linear motion axis. This is the biggest difference in structure between five axis machining center and three axis machining center. There are also differences in the processing range. The processing range of the five axis machining center is relatively wide. The five axis machining center can process parts that are difficult or impossible to process with three axes. It can be generally understood that the processing range of the five axis machining center is wider than that of the three axis machining center. Today’s editor mainly introduces the advantages of five axis machining center.

Advantages of five axis machining center

Five axis machining center can process parts that cannot be processed or difficult to process by three axes, such as complex curved surface parts. Using five axis machining center to process complex curved surface parts can complete all processes processing at one time, while using three axis machining center to process complex curved surface parts is very difficult and complex, and it needs many clamping and adjustment to complete its complex processing procedures. Generally speaking, the three-axis machining center can not complete the processing of complex curved surface parts at one time. These complex curved surface parts mainly include turbine engine blades, marine propeller and other special complex curved surface parts. These parts can be processed by five axis machining center, and the angle, position and cutting path of the cutter can be adjusted freely, so the five axis machining center can be clamped and assembled at one time All processing procedures.

It is necessary to use ball end milling cutter to process complex curved surface parts with three-axis machining center. The cutting rate of parts processed by ball end milling cutter is low, and the angle of cutter can not be adjusted freely in the process of machining, so the smooth surface can not be machined. The use of five axis machining center to process complex curved surface parts does not need to use ball end milling cutter, and does not need to use special tools, because the five axis machining center can freely adjust the angle of the tool, so the surface of the workpiece processed is smooth, thus improving the quality of processing.

Horizontal machining center refers to the processing in which the spindle and the table are set in parallel. Generally, it has 3-5 moving axes. Generally, the horizontal machining center is a reverse rotation table with automatic indexing. The most common horizontal machining center is three linear motion coordinate axes plus one rotary motion coordinate axis.

What types of parts are suitable for horizontal machining center

Horizontal machining center is most suitable for processing these large box type workpieces, mainly for the box type workpiece hole system processing and plane processing. The workpiece can be clamped at one time, and other surfaces except the mounting surface and the top surface can be processed. The rotary shaft is installed on the worktable and the workpiece can be rotated to process all sides of the workpiece. It can also install multiple rotation axes to make joint movement, so as to process the box parts with complex surface type.

Characteristics of horizontal machining center

Compared with the vertical machining center, the horizontal machining center has the advantages of easy chip removal and favorable clamping. Some horizontal machining centers have two worktables, one is processing and the other is loading and unloading. This design allows the horizontal machining center to process continuously, which greatly improves the processing efficiency. But the structure is complex and expensive.

Vertical machining center in the domestic CNC machine tool market has reached 50% utilization rate. It can be imagined that vertical machining center is widely used in various processing enterprises, and it is favored by many enterprises. Vertical machining center is developed from the basic CNC milling machine. It integrates all the features and functions of CNC milling machine, and also integrates the functions of many other CNC machine tools, such as boring machine, drilling machine, milling machine, etc.

The vertical machining center has the following main function points:

Automatic tool change function

The structure of vertical machining center and CNC milling machine are basically the same, and the processing technology is basically similar, but the biggest difference between them is that the machining center replaces the automatic tool changer and tool magazine, and the CNC milling machine does not have this function. Vertical machining center with automatic tool change device and tool magazine has automatic tool change function, which can be changed according to the tool used in processing. Generally speaking, the vertical machining center can change the tool at will to process the different working procedures of the workpiece.

One time workpiece clamping can process multiple processes

From the last function point, the vertical machining center has the function of automatic tool change. With this function, it can carry out multi process processing, such as boring, drilling, milling, tapping and tapping.

The function of expandable axle number

Because the conventional three-axis machining center can not meet the requirements of customer product processing, such as: Machining impeller, blade, shaft, propeller and other complex curved surface workpiece is unable to be processed by three axis vertical machining center, so the four axis or five axis function is expanded according to the requirements of customer products. From the above, we know that the vertical machining center has the function of expanding the number of shafts, and can expand the functions of four axis, five axis and multi axis.

A workpiece clamping can process multiple machining surfaces

It is known from the above that the vertical machining center can expand the number of shafts, so after the vertical machining center expands the number of shafts, the workpiece can be clamped to process multiple machining surfaces at one time. It avoids the precision error of clamping repeatedly, and saves the time of manual clamping workpiece.

Why drilling block in CNC drilling center? Due to the rapid development of the domestic 3C industry, drilling and drilling centers occupy more and more market share. Drilling and drilling centers have the characteristics of high speed, high precision, high finish and high efficiency, which are especially popular with users in the 3C industry. After all, improving the processing efficiency is money. Many friends have a question, why is the CNC drilling center drilling block? Today, we will talk about why drilling and drilling center is fast.

1、 Why does CNC drilling center drill block

The reason why the drilling block of drilling center is because the drilling center has a high spindle speed. From the beginning, the spindle speed of drilling and drilling center is 12000rpm, and the rotating speed is gradually increasing. At present, the speed of mainstream drilling and drilling centers in the market is above 20000 rpm, and some even reach a speed of 25000-30000rpm. High speed mainly determines the drilling speed of drilling and tapping center.

2、 CNC drilling center why other factors of drilling block

As mentioned above, the fast drilling speed of drilling and tapping center is mainly due to the high spindle speed of drilling and tapping center. In fact, there are some other factors. The first one is the rapid displacement block of drilling and tapping center. The rapid displacement of drilling and tapping center is basically above 48m / min, and even higher than 60m / min at the high end. This is also an indispensable part of determining the processing efficiency of drilling and tapping center. The second is tool change speed The drilling and drilling center has a different tool magazine than the ordinary machining center. We usually call it flying saucer type tool magazine. The tool changing speed of this kind of tool magazine only needs about 1 second. These two factors also contribute greatly to improving the drilling speed of the drilling center.

We have finished the introduction of why the drilling block of CNC drilling and drilling center has been finished. I believe that you should have a general understanding after reading. If you need the drilling and drilling center, welcome to contact with mingwan machine tool. Mingwan machine tool is committed to providing customers with high-speed, high-precision and high-efficiency CNC drilling and tapping center machine tools.

Fixed column structure horizontal machining center, as the name implies, is that the column of the horizontal machining center is fixed, mainly by the spindle box and worktable to do XYZ axis movement, fixed column horizontal machining center can be divided into three types according to the axis direction of the spindle box and the workbench. The specific three types are explained by the editor below.

Fixed column horizontal machining center (the worktable moves in X and Z axes, and the headstock moves in Y axis)

The table moves in X and Z axes, and the headstock moves in Y axis

This kind of horizontal machining center with fixed column structure is easier to understand and is also common in the market. This structure is also called headstock front hanging structure. In the horizontal machining of this structure, the left and right movement of the worktable is x-axis, the fore-and-aft movement is the z-axis, and the up-down movement of the headstock is the y-axis. This type of horizontal centering is suitable for the boring and milling of medium-sized complex parts.

The spindle box of this type of horizontal machining center with fixed column belongs to side hanging, which is very rare in the market. In this type of horizontal machining center with fixed column, the table moves left and right as X axis, the headstock moves forward and backward as Z axis, and moves up and down as y axis. This type of horizontal machining center is suitable for boring, milling and other processes of medium-sized parts.

The headstock of this type of fixed column horizontal machining center is suspended, mainly suspended on the X, Y axis. This structure is similar to the gantry machining center, and this type of horizontal machining center is also rare in the market. In this type of horizontal machining center with fixed column, the z-axis is the table moving forward and backward, the x-axis is the left-right movement of the headstock, and the y-axis is the up-down movement. This type of horizontal machining center is suitable for boring and milling of small and medium-sized parts.