Generally speaking, the engraving machine is a kind of CNC milling machine with small cutting tools, high power and high-speed spindle motor. Foreign countries do not have the concept of precision carving machine. They mainly use machining centers (computer gongs) to mill molds. However, machining centers have their own shortcomings, especially when using small cutters to process small molds, and the cost is very high. At the beginning of China, there was only the concept of CNC engraving machine. The advantage of engraving machine is carving. If the hardness of processing material is relatively large, it will be unable to meet the requirements. The emergence of carving machine can be said to fill the gap between the two. The engraving machine can not only carve, but also mill. It is an efficient and high-precision CNC machine tool.
Shape and structure
The appearance and structure of the carving machine, engraving and milling machine and machining center (computer gong) are very similar. The following is a comparative analysis of the four:
Conceptually:
Processing center: Hong Kong, Taiwan, Guangdong area known as the computer gong, is a highly automated multi-functional CNC machine tool with tool magazine and automatic tool change device. The first machining center appeared in the United States in 1958. It can realize the centralized processing of milling, drilling, boring, reaming, tapping and other processes after the workpiece is clamped at one time, with special emphasis on “milling”.
Engraving machine: its spindle speed is high, suitable for small cutting tools processing, torque is relatively small, focusing on the “carving” function, such as wood (wood carving machine for special processing of wood), dual color board, acrylic plate and other plates with low hardness, which are not suitable for large workpieces with strong cutting. Dongguan Machinery parts processing at present, most of the products bearing the banner of engraving machine in the market are mainly for processing handicrafts with low cost. Due to the low precision, they are not suitable for mold development. However, there are also exceptions, such as wafer engraving machine.
Carving machine: as the name implies. On the basis of the engraving machine, the power of the spindle and servo motor is increased, and the bearing force of the bed is maintained. At the same time, the high speed of the spindle is maintained. More importantly, the precision is very high.
Engraving and milling machine: engraving and milling machine focus on carving and milling, which is a transitional model between the fine carving machine and the machining center. Compared with the precision carving machine, the advantages of computer gong processing are stronger machine rigidity, higher processing efficiency, high power, and suitable for fast and heavy cutting of soft metal. Compared with the machining center, the speed of processing soft metals such as copper and aluminum is faster, and the finishing speed and efficiency of steel mold are higher. Its disadvantages are not suitable for large-scale workpiece rough cutting, heavy cutting. Engraving and milling machine also to high-speed development, commonly known as high-speed machine, cutting ability is stronger, processing accuracy is very high, but also can directly process hardness above HRC60 materials, one-time molding.
In terms of appearance and volume:
The volume of the machining center is the largest, the volume of large-scale 1690 machine is 4 m * 3 m, and that of small-scale 850 type machine is 2.5 m * 2.5 m; the volume of fine carving machine is the second, and that of large-scale 750 type machine is 2.2 m * 2 m; the carving machine is the smallest.
In terms of mechanical structure:
Generally, the cantilever type is used in the machining center, and the gantry structure is commonly used in the carving machine and engraving machine. The gantry type is divided into the pillar type and the fixed beam type. At present, the fixed beam type is the main type of the fine carving machine.
In terms of index data:
The highest spindle speed (R / min): Machining Center 8000; engraving machine is the most common 240000, high-speed machine is the lowest 30000; engraving machine is generally the same as engraving and milling machine, the engraving machine used for high gloss processing can reach 80000, but the air bearing spindle is not the general electric spindle.
Spindle power: the machining center is the largest, ranging from several thousand watts to tens of kilowatts; the carving machine is the second, generally within ten kilowatts; the engraving machine is the smallest.
It is suitable for machining center, especially for rough machining.
Speed: due to the light weight of the engraving machine and engraving machine, their moving speed and feed speed are faster than that of the machining center, especially for the high-speed machine equipped with linear motor, the maximum moving speed is 120m / min
Accuracy: the accuracy of the three is similar.
From the processing size: the worktable area can better reflect this. The smallest worktable area (unit mm, the same below) of domestic processing center (computer gong) is 830 * 500 (850 machines); the largest worktable area of fine carving machine is 700 * 620 (750 machines), and the minimum is 450 * 450 (400 machines); engraving machines generally do not exceed 450 * 450, and the common ones are 45 * 270 (250 machines).
From the perspective of application objects: the machining center is used to complete the processing equipment of large milling amount of workpieces, large molds and materials with hardness comparison, which are also suitable for the opening of common molds; the precision carving machine is used to finish the finishing of small molds with small milling amount, which is suitable for copper and graphite processing; the low-end engraving machines are inclined to those with low hardness such as wood, double color plate and acrylic plate Plate processing, high-end suitable for wafer, metal shell polishing and polishing.
It is generally believed that: Machining Center, carving machine can do both products and molds, engraving machine can only do products.
Model difference
Let’s first clarify the differences between the three models
- CNC milling and machining center is used to complete the processing equipment of large milling amount of workpieces
- CNC engraving machine is used to finish small milling amount or soft metal processing equipment
- High speed cutting machine is used to finish medium milling amount and reduce grinding amount to the minimum
In depth analysis of the above equipment structure can help us make the right choice
1、 — from a mechanical point of view
The machine is divided into two parts, the moving part
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