Forging characteristics

From the point of view of safety, technology and labor protection, the characteristics of forging workshop are as follows:


(1) Forging production is carried out in the state of hot metal (such as low carbon steel forging temperature range between 750-1250 C), due to a large number of manual work, a little carelessness may cause burns.


(2) Heating furnaces and hot ingots, blanks and forgings in forging workshops continuously emit a large amount of radiation heat (forgings still have a fairly high temperature at the end of forging). Workers are often exposed to heat radiation.


(3) The smoke and dust produced by the heating furnace in the forging workshop are discharged into the air of the workshop during the combustion process, which not only affects the working environment, but also reduces the visibility of the workshop (especially for the heating furnace burning solid fuel), and may also cause industrial accidents.


(4) The equipment used in forging production, such as air hammer, steam hammer, friction press, etc., emits impact force when working; when the equipment is subjected to such impact load, it is prone to sudden damage (such as the sudden breaking of the piston rod of the forging hammer), resulting in serious injury accidents. Press (such as hydraulic press, crank hot die forging press, flat forging machine, precision press), shear machine and so on, although the impact is small, but the sudden damage of equipment also occurs from time to time. Operators often fail to take precautions and may cause accidents at work.


(5) Forging equipment plays a great role in the work, such as crank press, stretch forging press and hydraulic press. Although their working conditions are relatively stable, the power of their working parts is very large (for example, 12 000 t forging hydraulic press has been manufactured and used in our country). It is a common 100-150 t pressure machine, which emits tremendous force. If there are errors in the installation and adjustment of the die or slightly incorrect operation, most of the force is not applied to the work, but to the parts of the die, tool or equipment itself, which may cause damage to the machine parts and other serious settings. Prepare for or cause personal accidents.


(6) There are many kinds of forgers’tools and auxiliary tools, especially hand forging and free forging tools, clamps and so on. These tools are put together in the workplace. In the work, tools change very frequently, and storage is often messy, which will inevitably increase the difficulty of checking these tools. When a tool is needed in forging and can not be found quickly, sometimes similar tools will be used, which often results in accidents at work.


(7) Because of the noise and vibration of forging workshop equipment in operation, the working place is noisy and harsh. It affects people’s hearing and nervous system and distracts their attention, thus increasing the possibility of accidents.