In metal processing, from the design drawings of parts to the qualified delivery of finished products of parts, considering a series of factors such as the arrangement of processing technology route of parts, the selection of processing machine tools, the selection of cutting tools, positioning and clamping in parts processing, it is necessary to advance the design drawings and technical requirements of parts before starting programming. Detailed analysis of NC processing technology and reasonable system of process route can avoid possible product quality problems due to improper consideration of process plan. The following is a brief introduction of the NC machine tool formulation process to improve efficiency in Baida Borun Petrochemical Company.
First, the principle of coarse and fine first.
(1) In order to improve the production efficiency and ensure the quality of the finished parts, roughing process should be arranged first in the cutting process, and a large amount of processing allowance before finishing should be removed in a relatively short time, at the same time, the requirement of homogeneity of finishing allowance should be satisfied as far as possible.
(2) after finishing the rough machining process, the semi finishing and finish machining should be arranged after changing the knife. The purpose of arranging semi-finishing is to arrange semi-finishing as a transitional process when the uniformity of the remaining allowance after roughing can not meet the requirements of finishing, so as to make the finishing allowance small and uniform.
(3) When arranging the finishing process with one or more knives, the final contour of the part should be processed continuously with the last knife. At this time, the position of the cutting tool should be properly considered, and the cutter and the cutter should not be cut out or changed or stopped in the continuous contour as far as possible, so as to avoid the elastic deformation caused by the sudden change of cutting force, resulting in surface scratches, abrupt shape changes or retained cutter marks on the smooth connecting contour.
Two, the principle of first coming and then far away.
The distance between here and near is based on the distance between the processing part and the cutter point.
(1) In general, especially in rough machining, it is usually arranged to process the parts near the tool setting point first, and then the parts far from the tool setting point, so as to shorten the tool moving distance and reduce the empty travel time.
(2) For CNC turning, it is advantageous to maintain the rigidity of the blank or semi-finished parts and improve the cutting conditions.
Three, the principle of internal and external first.
For the parts that need to process both inner surface (inner shape and cavity) and outer surface, it is usually arranged to process the inner shape and inner cavity first and then the outer surface when making the processing plan. This is because it is difficult to control the size and shape of the inner surface, the rigidity of the tool is relatively poor, the durability of the tool tip (edge) is easily affected by cutting heat, and it is difficult to remove chips in processing.
Four. The shortest way to take a knife line.
The key point of determining the tool path is mainly used to determine the tool path of rough machining and empty travel, because the tool path of finishing cutting process is basically carried out along the contour sequence of its parts.
(1) Tool path generally refers to the path through which the tool moves from the point of tool setting (or the fixed origin of the machine tool) until it returns to that point and ends the processing procedure, including the path of cutting and the non-cutting free travel such as tool introduction and cutting.
(2) On the premise of guaranteeing the processing quality, making the processing program have the shortest tool path can not only save the execution time of the whole processing process, but also reduce some unnecessary tool consumption and wear of sliding parts of machine tool feeding mechanism.
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