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Production types are generally divided into three categories:

1. Single piece production: products with different structures and sizes are produced individually, and rarely repeated.
2. Batch production: the same products are manufactured in batches in a year, and the manufacturing process has certain repeatability
3. Mass production: a large number of products are manufactured, and most workplaces often repeat a certain process of a certain part. (1) The designed process specification shall ensure the processing quality of machine parts (or the assembly quality of the machine) and meet the technical requirements specified in the design drawing.

(2) It is necessary to make the technological process have higher productivity and put the products on the market as soon as possible.

(3) Try to reduce manufacturing costs

(4) Pay attention to reduce the labor intensity of workers to ensure the safety of production.

(1) Product assembly drawing, part drawing.

(2) Product acceptance quality standards.

(3) Annual production program of products.

(5) The production conditions of the manufacturer include the specifications, performance and current status of machine tool equipment and process equipment, the technical level of workers, the ability of self-made process equipment, and the power supply and gas supply capacity of the factory.

(6) Design manual and relevant standards required for process planning and process equipment design.

(7) Advanced manufacturing technology data at home and abroad.

Steps:

(1) Analyze and study the assembly drawing and part drawing of the product.

(2) Determine the blank.

(3) Draw up the technological route and select the base plane.

(4) Determine the equipment used in each process.

(5) Determine the tools, fixtures, measuring tools and auxiliary tools used in each process.

(6) Determine the technical requirements and inspection methods of each main process.

(7) Determine the machining allowance of each process, calculate the process size and tolerance.

(8) Determine the cutting parameters.

(9) Determine the man hour quota.

Design datum: the datum used to determine the position of other points, lines and planes on the part drawing, which is called design datum.

Process benchmark: the benchmark used in the process of parts processing and assembly. Dongguan computer gong processing, Dongguan Mechanical parts processing, Dongguan precision computer gong processing, Dongguan high-speed computer gong processing are called process benchmarks. According to different uses, process datum can be divided into assembly datum, measuring datum and locating datum.

(1) Assembly datum: the datum used to determine the position of parts in parts or products during assembly, which is called assembly datum.

(2) Measurement datum: the datum used to check the size and position of machined surface, which is called measuring datum.

(3) Positioning datum: the datum used for workpiece positioning during machining, which is called positioning datum. For the surface (or line, point) as positioning reference, only the rough surface can be selected in the first working procedure. This positioning surface is called rough datum. The machined surface can be used as the positioning datum in the following processes, and the positioning surface is called the precise datum.

In the process of turning a blank into a finished product, the total thickness of the metal layer cut off on a machining surface is called the total machining allowance of the surface. The thickness of the metal layer cut by each process is called the machining allowance between processes. For the rotating surface such as outer circle and hole, the machining allowance is considered from the diameter, so it is called symmetrical allowance (i.e. bilateral allowance), that is, the actual thickness of the metal layer cut off is half of the machining allowance on the diameter. The machining allowance of plane is unilateral allowance, which is equal to the actual thickness of the metal layer removed. The purpose of leaving machining allowance on the workpiece is to remove the machining errors and surface defects left by the previous process, such as the surface cold and hard layer, air hole and sand inclusion layer on the casting surface, oxide scale, decarburization layer and surface crack on the forging surface, internal stress layer and surface roughness after cutting. The precision and surface roughness of the workpiece are improved. The size of machining allowance has great influence on machining quality and production efficiency. If the machining allowance is too large, it not only increases the labor of machining, reduces the productivity, but also increases the consumption of materials, tools and power, and increases the processing cost. If the machining allowance is too small, it can not eliminate all kinds of defects and errors in the previous process, and can not compensate for the clamping error in this process, resulting in waste products. The selection principle is to make the allowance as small as possible on the premise of ensuring the quality. Generally speaking, the more finish machining, the smaller the process allowance.

Applicability:

In the process of turning a blank into a finished product, the total thickness of the metal layer cut off on a machining surface is called the total machining allowance of the surface. The thickness of the metal layer cut by each process is called the machining allowance between processes. For the rotating surface such as outer circle and hole, the machining allowance is considered from the diameter, so it is called symmetrical allowance (i.e. bilateral allowance), that is, the actual thickness of the metal layer cut off is half of the machining allowance on the diameter.

Fuselage part:

1) Casting, which is the most important part of computer gongs, directly affects the accuracy, stability, wear resistance and the life of machine tools. After the casting is finished, Dongguan computer gong processing is not immediately used in production. A good casting is that it is subjected to wind and rain, sunlight exposure, natural weathering, and some of them are soaked in sea water. After the casting does not change, the machine tool is not easy to change and can maintain the stability and accuracy of the machine tool for a long time.

2) Spindle, the spindle is used to directly face the workpiece. It is driven by the motor to rotate at a high speed. If the tool holder is installed on the spindle, the workpiece can be cut to meet various production needs. The quality of the spindle will also directly affect the machining accuracy. If the internal bearing is worn, it will easily cause the spindle to swing, and the accuracy of the processed things will naturally have a deviation of several wires 。 At present, the speed of the spindle is generally around 8000 rpm, and the high-speed machine can achieve more than 20000 revolutions. Each machine has only one spindle.

3) The screw rod is also a part of the machine body. It is driven by a servo motor to drive the displacement of the worktable through the copper sleeve of the screw rod to realize the processing needs. If there is a gap in the screw rod, it is also directly reflected in the machining accuracy and finish.

4) There are two kinds of motors: servo motor and frequency conversion motor. Servo motor has good stability, high power of spindle drive motor, and low coordination rate of three-axis drive motor.

5) The coupling is installed between the screw rod and the motor, which is only a linkage action.

6) The lubrication and cooling system is composed of automatic oil pump, spindle oil cooler and chip fluid circulation system. When the machine tool is working, the oil is pumped once a few minutes, and the oil pipe is connected to each corner, such as screw rod, guide rail, etc. if the oil circuit is blocked, it is easy to cause the guide rail wear and affect the accuracy. The main shaft oil cooling is a circulating cooling system added to cool down the main shaft. The spindle with 8000 revolutions may not be required, and the spindle with more than 8000 revolutions must be equipped. The oil in the oil tank is pumped up by the pumping motor in the chip liquid circulation system to flush the workpiece being processed.

7) Sheet metal, sheet metal requirements are not too high, as long as there is no oil leakage, but also involves the appearance of beautiful, image problems.

Whether it is a stamping die or a plastic mold (including injection mold, extrusion mold, blow molding mold, etc.), in order to improve its service life, the parts that constitute the mold cavity are generally made of high-strength wear-resistant materials (such as various brands of alloy structural steel, alloy tool steel and stainless steel, etc.). The hardness of these materials after heat treatment is very high, so it is difficult to use conventional mechanical processing Methods processing. For decades, the best way to deal with this kind of difficult to machine materials is to use special processing.

In China, mold cavity machining is still the “one country” of EDM. EDM (including forming and wire cutting) has been playing a very important role in mold manufacturing.

With the development of production and the speed of product renewal, higher and higher requirements are put forward for the production efficiency and manufacturing quality of mould, so the problems existing in EDM are gradually exposed. From the physical essence, Dongguan precision computer gongs machining EDM is a kind of “micro cutting” process relying on discharge ablation, the processing process is very slow; in the process of partial high temperature discharge ablation of the workpiece surface by EDM, the physical mechanical properties of the workpiece surface will be damaged to a certain extent, and micro cracks and surface roughness will often occur on the surface of the cavity It can not meet the requirements of the mold, so the cavity parts after electrical machining generally have to be ground and polished manually. Therefore, the production efficiency of EDM is very low and the manufacturing quality is unstable. In many occasions, mold has become a key factor affecting the development speed of new products.

Since the 1990s, high speed machining (HSC) has been gradually applied in the mold industry abroad, and good results have been achieved. Compared with EDM, the main advantages of high speed machining are as follows

Good product quality: high speed cutting can process parts at a cutting speed about 10 times higher than the conventional cutting speed, The blank material is cut off from the workpiece in an instant before it is fully deformed, and the residual stress on the surface of the workpiece is very small; most of the heat generated in the cutting process (more than 95) is quickly taken away by the chips, and the thermal deformation of the workpiece is small; in the high-speed machining process, the main shaft of the machine tool operates at a very high speed (10000-80000r / min), and the excitation frequency is far away from “machine tool” The natural frequency range of the “tool workpiece” system makes the machining process of the parts stable without impact. Therefore, the machining precision of the parts is high, the surface quality is good, and the roughness can reach ra0.6 μ M. After high-speed milling cavity, the surface quality of Dongguan high-speed computer gong machining can reach the grinding level, so many subsequent finishing processes can be omitted.

High production efficiency: using high-speed machining center or high-speed milling machine to process mold can complete rough and finish machining of cavity and other parts of mold parts in one clamping of workpiece, which is called “one pass machining”. The cutting speed is very high, and the efficiency of machining process itself is several times higher than that of electrical machining. except

CNC engraving machine is mainly composed of machine tool, spindle, gantry, control system, transmission system and so on. CNC engraving machine spindle motor is also divided into precision machining spindle and high-power cutting spindle. 1. CNC engraving machine fine machining spindle is characterized by low noise, high speed, high height, suitable for processing special fine workpieces, such as seals, nameplates, badge gifts, etc. Dongguan computer gong processing | Dongguan Mechanical parts processing | Dongguan precision computer gong processing | Dongguan high-speed computer gong processing | this kind of CNC engraving machine spindle motor is usually high-speed frequency conversion motor, the power is lower than 250W. The disadvantage is that the ability to cut thick materials is poor, not suitable for cutting thick materials. 2. CNC engraving machine high-power cutting spindle, mainly used for cutting, high-power engraving, is characterized by high power, strong cutting ability, especially suitable for cutting Yu, three-dimensional characters, of course, can also make chest plates, nameplates, seals, etc. Dongguan computer gong processing, Dongguan Mechanical parts processing, Dongguan precision computer gong processing, Dongguan high speed computer gong processing, this kind of CNC engraving machine high-power spindle can be generally divided into brushless frequency high-speed AC motor and brush AC machine according to the characteristics of the motor. The main differences are: a. the speed of brushless variable frequency motor is high, the speed range is 70060000 rpm, and the maximum speed of general brush AC motor is not more than 24000 rpm. B. The brushless variable frequency motor has the advantages of high rotation accuracy, low wear and low noise. The noise is much lower than that of the brush AC motor. C. Due to the special current limiting circuit on the frequency converter, the motor will not be burned after a short period of time due to the special current limiting circuit on the frequency converter. However, the brush AC machine will quickly smoke and burn out when it is overloaded or locked in the process of computer gong processing, and it can not be repaired. D. The brushless variable frequency motor adopts frequency conversion control technology for speed regulation, which is a professional product. Dongguan computer gong processing, Dongguan Mechanical parts processing, Dongguan precision computer gong processing, Dongguan high-speed computer gong processing, has a long service life. The CNC engraving machine manufacturer provides one year free replacement. In the future, the motor can be maintained by replacing the high-speed bearing, while the brush AC motor has a long service life due to the use of electric documents It takes about 300 hours to replace the motor or motor carbon brush, so the carbon brush AC motor is usually not guaranteed for a day.

报错 笔记

1、 Start up processing:

1. At the beginning of each program, it is necessary to carefully check whether the tool used is the one specified in the programming instruction. When Dongguan computer gong processing starts, the feed speed should be adjusted to the minimum and executed in single section. Attention should be paid to the stop key when fast positioning, cutting and feeding. The hand should be placed on the stop key. If there is any problem, stop immediately. Pay attention to observe the moving direction of the tool to ensure safe feeding. Shenzhen computer gong processing will slowly increase the feed speed to the appropriate level. At the same time, coolant or cold air should be added to the cutter and workpiece 。
2. During rough machining, it should not be too far away from the control panel. If there is any abnormal phenomenon, stop the machine in time for inspection.
3. After roughening, pull the meter again to make sure that the workpiece is not loose. If there is a side, it must be corrected and bumped again.
4. Dongguan high-speed computer gongs processing in the process of continuous optimization of processing parameters, to achieve the best processing effect.
5. Since this process is a key process, the main dimension value of the workpiece shall be measured to see if it is consistent with the requirements of the drawing. If there is any problem, it shall be immediately notified to the team leader or programmer for inspection and solution. It can be removed after passing the self inspection and sent to the inspector for special inspection.
6. Clean the machine table in time after the workpiece is removed.
7. Processing type;
8. Hole machining;
9. Drilling processing: before drilling, the center drill must be used for positioning, and then the drill bit which is 0.5 ~ 2mm smaller than the drawing size should be used for drilling, and finally the appropriate drill bit should be used for finishing.
10. Reaming processing: for the reaming of the workpiece, the center drill shall be used for positioning, and then the drill bit 0.5 ~ 0.3 mm smaller than the drawing size shall be used for drilling, and finally the reamer shall be used for reaming. During reaming, the spindle speed shall be controlled within 70 ~ 180 RPM / min.
11. Boring processing: for the boring of the workpiece, the center drill shall be used for positioning, and then the drill bit which is 1 ~ 2mm smaller than the drawing size shall be used for drilling, and then the rough boring cutter (or milling cutter) shall be used to process the remaining machining allowance of about 0.3mm on one side. Finally, the fine boring cutter with pre adjusted size shall be used for fine boring, and the final fine boring allowance shall not be less than 0.1mm.
12. Direct numerical control (DNC) operation;
13. Before DNC NC machining, the workpiece should be clamped, the zero position should be set and the parameters should be set.
14. Open the processing program to be transferred in the computer for checking, and then let the computer enter the DNC state, and input the file name of the correct processing program.
15. Press the tape key and program start key on the machine tool, and the machine tool controller will flash LSK when machining the mechanical parts in Dongguan.
16. The DNC data transmission processing can be carried out by pressing the enter keyboard on the computer.

2、 Contents and scope of self inspection of workers:

1. Before processing, the processor must clearly see the content of the process card, clearly know the parts, shapes and dimensions of the workpiece to be processed, and know the processing content of the next process.
2. Before clamping the workpiece, the blank size should be measured to see if it meets the requirements of the drawing, and the placement of the workpiece must be carefully checked whether it is consistent with the programming operation instruction.
3. Self inspection should be carried out in time after rough machining, so as to adjust the data with errors in time. The self inspection content mainly includes the position and size of the processing parts. For example: (1) whether the workpiece is loose; (2) whether the workpiece is correctly divided; (3) whether the dimension from the processing part to the reference edge (reference point) meets the requirements of the drawing; (4) the position size between the processing parts. After checking the position and size of bulk machining parts, the rough machined shape ruler should be measured (except for arc).
4. After rough machining self inspection, finish machining is carried out. After finishing, the workers should check the shape and size of the processing parts: check the basic length and width of the vertical processing parts; measure the base point size marked on the drawing for the processing parts of the inclined plane.
5. The worker completes the workpiece self inspection.

1. After starting the machine or pressing the emergency stop to reset each time, the computer gong processing machine tool first returns to the reference zero position of the machine tool (i.e. return to zero), so that the machine tool has a reference position for its future operation.
2. Clamping workpiece:
3. Before the workpiece is clamped, the surface should be cleaned, and there should be no oil stain, iron filings and dust during the machining of Dongguan Mechanical parts, and the burr on the surface of the workpiece should be removed with a file (or oilstone).
4. The equal high-speed rail used for clamping must be grinded flat by grinding machine to make it smooth and flat. The weight iron and nut must be firm, which can reliably clamp the workpiece. For some small workpieces that are difficult to be clamped, they can be directly clamped on the vise.
5. The worktable of the machine tool shall be clean and free of iron filings, dust and oil stains.
6. The pad iron is generally placed at the four corners of the workpiece, and equal height pad iron should be added in the middle of the workpiece with too large span.
7. Check the length, width and height of the workpiece with a ruler according to the size of the drawing.
8. When clamping the workpiece, according to the clamping and placing mode in the programming operation instruction, it is necessary to consider avoiding the processing position and the situation that the cutter head may encounter the fixture during the processing.
9. After the workpiece processed by Dongguan precision computer gong is placed on the pad iron, the gauge shall be drawn according to the drawing requirements. The error of workpiece length direction is less than 0.02mm, and the horizontal error of top surface in X and Y direction is less than 0.05mm. The perpendicularity of the workpiece which has been ground on six sides shall be checked to see if it is qualified.
10. After pulling the watch, the nut must be tightened to prevent the workpiece from shifting during processing due to the loose clamping.
11. Pull the meter again to make sure that the error does not exceed the tolerance after clamping.
12. Workpiece collision number: for the clamped workpiece, the collision number head can be used to determine the processing reference zero position. There are two kinds of collision head, photoelectric type and mechanical type. There are two kinds of collision selection methods: middle collision number and single side collision number. The steps are as follows:
13. Collision counting method: photoelectric static, mechanical speed 450 ~ 600 rpm.
14. Manually move the x-axis of the worktable to make the colliding head touch one side of the workpiece. When the collision head just touches the workpiece and the red light is on, set the relative coordinate value of this point as zero; then manually move the x-axis of the workbench to make the collision head collide with the other side of the workpiece, and record the relative coordinates when the collision head just touches the work piece.
15. According to the relative value minus the diameter of the bumping head (i.e. the length of the workpiece), check whether the length of the workpiece meets the requirements of the drawing.
16. Divide the relative coordinate number by 2, and the value is the middle value of the x-axis of the workpiece. Then move the worktable to the middle value on the x-axis, and set the relative coordinate value of the x-axis at this point to zero, which is the zero position on the x-axis of the workpiece.
17. Carefully record the mechanical coordinate value of the zero position on the x-axis of the workpiece in one of g54 ~ G59, and let the machine tool determine the zero position on the x-axis of the workpiece. Once again, check the correctness of the data carefully.
18. The steps of setting the zero position of workpiece Y axis are the same as those of X axis.
19. Prepare all tools according to the programming instruction.
20. Dongguan high-speed computer gong machining according to the tool data in the programming operation instruction, change the tool to be processed, and let the tool touch the height measuring device placed on the datum plane. When the red light of the measuring instrument is on, set the relative coordinate value of this point to zero.
21. Move the tool to a safe place, manually move the tool down by 50mm, and set the relative coordinate value of this point to zero, which is the zero position of Z axis.
22. Record the mechanical coordinate Z value of this point in one of g54 ~ G59. This completes the zero setting of the X, y, z axes of the workpiece. Once again, check the correctness of the data carefully.
23. The one-sided collision also touches one side of x-axis and Y-axis of the workpiece according to the above method. Offset the relative coordinate value of x-axis and y-axis at this point. The radius of collision head is the zero position of x-axis and y-axis. Finally, the mechanical coordinates of x-axis and y-axis are recorded in one of G54-G59. Once again, check the correctness of the data carefully.
24. Check the correctness of the zero point, move the X and Y axes to the side suspension of the workpiece, and visually inspect the correctness of the zero point according to the size of the workpiece.
25. Copy the program files to the computer according to the file path of the programming work instruction.
26. Setting of processing parameters.
27. Setting of spindle speed in machining.

Computer gongs processing patterns, finish is not high. There are many factors. If you are a long shaft type, it may be that the jacking force of the tailstock is not enough, or the tailstock is moving. If the tailstock has no problem, the tool wear, including processing parameters, cutting fluid and other issues, may occur. There is also the material of the part, the corresponding selection tool. In addition, including the problems of the machine tool itself, Dongguan computer gong processing, which can only be solved in practice, there is no way to solve, I hope you can find the reason

The main reason is because of the processing strength problem, it may be that the length of your processing parts is too long, or the length of your cutting tool is too long. The center height of the tool. Choose the right tool. Some are too high speed caused by the machine tool and parts of the resonance of the cutting tool will also appear patterns.

How to improve the finish of lathe processing?

First of all, you should ensure the stability of the lathe, that is, whether the fixed condition of the lathe is good.

What’s more, will the spindle vibrate at high speed,

Secondly, coolant is very important

In addition, your tool should be well ground, and the chip removal groove should be opened to prevent the workpiece from scraping due to unsmooth chip discharge, and the arc angle should be made when the turning tool is chamfered. In addition, when installing the tool, do not resist the tool.

Finally, it is necessary to match the spindle speed and feed speed. If your lathe is not working well, it is recommended to buy some sandpaper to make it. When making sandpaper, it is suggested to deal with it according to the working direction of the turning tool. In this way, the texture can be seen better

1. When processing parts, the protective door must be closed. It is not allowed to stretch the head and hand into the protective door. It is not allowed to open the protective door during processing;
2. In the process of processing, the operator shall not leave the machine without authorization, and shall keep a high degree of concentration. Dongguan computer gong processing, Dongguan Mechanical parts processing, Dongguan precision computer gong processing, Dongguan high-speed computer gong processing, shall observe the operation state of the machine tool. In case of any abnormal phenomenon or accident, the program operation shall be terminated immediately, the power supply shall be cut off and the instructor shall be informed in time. No other operation shall be carried out;
3. It is strictly forbidden to beat the control panel and touch the display screen. It is strictly forbidden to knock the worktable, dividing head, clamp and guide rail;
4. It is forbidden to open the control cabinet of CNC system to watch and touch without permission;
5. The operator shall not change the internal parameters of the machine tool at will. Interns are not allowed to transfer or modify other programs that are not compiled by themselves;
6. On the control computer of machine tool, no other operation is allowed except program operation, transmission and program copy;
7. CNC milling machine is a kind of large precision equipment. Except for the tooling and workpieces placed on the worktable, it is strictly forbidden to stack any tools, clamps, edges, measuring tools, workpieces and other sundries on the machine tool;
8. It is forbidden to touch the blade tip and iron filings by hand. Iron scraps must be cleaned with iron hook or brush;
9. It is forbidden to touch the rotating spindle, workpiece or other moving parts by hand or any other means;
10. It is forbidden to measure the workpiece and change the speed manually in the process of processing. It is not allowed to wipe the workpiece with cotton thread or clean the machine tool;

Advantages: 1. High reliability

The reliability of large-scale mechanical parts processing equipment is guaranteed by using highly integrated electronic components, chips and VLSI.

Many functions are realized by software, which reduces the number of hardware.

Rich fault diagnosis and protection functions (mostly realized by software) can reduce the frequency of system failure and the repair time after failure.

1. Easy to use and maintain

Easy to operate and use: Dongguan computer gong processing users only need to follow the menu prompts, you can operate correctly.

Easy to program: with a variety of programming functions, automatic program verification and simulation functions.

Convenient maintenance and repair: some routine maintenance work is carried out automatically (lubrication, regular inspection of key components, etc.), and the self diagnosis function of CNC machine tool can quickly realize accurate fault location.

1. Easy to realize mechatronics

The small volume of CNC system control cabinet (using computer, the number of hardware is reduced; the integration of electronic components is higher and higher, and the hardware is constantly decreasing), which makes it possible to combine it with machine tool in physics, reduce the floor area and facilitate operation.

1. Flexibility and versatility

The functions of Dongguan machine parts processing device are mostly realized by software, and the software and hardware adopt modular structure, which makes the modification and expansion of system functions more flexible.

The basic configuration of Dongguan machine parts processing device is universal. Different CNC machine tools only configure corresponding specific function modules to achieve specific control functions.

1. Rich CNC functions

Interpolation function: quadratic curve, spline, spatial surface interpolation

Compensation function: motion precision compensation, random error compensation, nonlinear error compensation, etc

Man machine dialogue function: dynamic and static tracking display of processing, advanced man-machine dialogue window