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Classification of hardware fittings for doors and windows

There are so many kinds of hardware fittings for doors and windows. How many do you know?

There are many kinds and specifications of hardware products for door and window fittings, but hardware products play an irreplaceable role in home decoration. Choosing good hardware fittings can make many decorative materials safer and more convenient to use. At present, there are more than ten kinds of hardware products in the material market.

1, lock class

(1) external door lock; (2) handle lock; (3) drawer lock; (4) spherical door lock; (5) glass window lock; (6) electronic lock; (7) chain lock; (8) anti-theft lock; (9) bathroom lock; (10) padlock; (11) number lock; (12) lock body; (13) lock core.

2. Handles for door and window fittings

(1) drawer handle (2) cabinet door handle (3) glass door handle.

3. Hardware for door and window fittings

(1) hinge: glass hinge, corner hinge, bearing hinge (copper, steel), pipe hinge; (3) track: drawer track, sliding door track, suspension wheel, glass pulley; (4) bolt (bright and dark); (5) door suction; (6) ground suction; (7) ground spring; (8) door clamp; (9) door closer; (10) door pin; (11) door mirror; (12) anti-theft buckle; (13) pressure bar (copper, aluminium, pvc); (14) magnetic bead impact Touch beads.

Processing Technology of Hardware Package Adhesive Injection

Hardware package adhesive has the distinction between true package and false package. True encapsulation is to use the compatibility of soft glue and hard glue in softening and melting to form a layer of bonding layer on the interface between hard glue and soft glue, which greatly improves the bonding between TPE soft glue and hard plastic. False encapsulation hardly involves the compatibility of two kinds of materials. The encapsulation of materials is through mechanical force, through the design of dies and products and surface treatment, through the hoop effect, the soft glue and hard glue can be joined together.

Processing Technology of Hardware Package Adhesive Injection

Hardware package adhesive injection generally adopts secondary injection molding process, which fixes the hard plastic parts that have beer on the plastic package mould, and then injects TPE soft rubber into the hard rubber parts at the appropriate temperature, and then gets the products by cooling. The injection temperature of the adhesive-coated injection depends on the hard rubber material. Because the temperature should take into account that hard rubber and TPE soft rubber should be softened, in order to promote the two materials to achieve a certain compatibility at the contact surface. In order to achieve the effect of true encapsulation, usually the injection temperature of hardware encapsulated PP material is about 170-190 degrees Celsius; encapsulated ABS material is about 220-220 degrees Celsius; encapsulated PC material is slightly higher than that of encapsulated ABS; encapsulated PA nylon, the injection temperature is about 240 degrees Celsius.

Common metal package adhesive materials

TPE is used in adhesive-coated injection bonding. TPE soft rubber is used as the outer layer of soft rubber. The common hard materials are plastics, metals and fabrics. TPE and woven fabric jet bonding are mainly used in luggage products. Like metal bonding, TPE and woven fabric jet bonding are generally false bonding. True-encapsulated adhesives are commonly used in secondary and double-color injection moulding, that is, the main material of metal-encapsulated adhesives is plastic. TPE can adhere firmly to some common plastics such as PP, GPPS, HIPS, ABS and engineering plastics such as PC, PC/ABS, PA and their modified materials. The adhesion between TPE and POM polyformaldehyde is still a difficult problem in the elastomer industry. Because the solubility parameter SP (22.6) of POM is far different from that of TPE (7.2-7.6), the two materials are not compatible. At present, there is no suitable compatibilizer to promote the good adhesion between them in China.

Problems needing attention in adhesive injection moulding of hardware packages

1. The compatibility of TPE and hard gel structures should be matched, and the molecular solubility is close, so the molecular compatibility is better.

2. In order to ensure good contact between TPE and hard rubber parts and improve bonding effect, sharp corners should be avoided as far as possible in design.

3. To avoid the gas in the mould cavity by proper exhaust;

4. Keep the temperature of TPE melt to ensure the bonding effect.

5. Balance the thickness of TPE with the expected tactile sensation.

6. The TPE coating process needs to be baked to reduce the surface watermarks and achieve uniform surface color.

7. The carrier resin of the selected masterbatch is compatible with TPE and structural materials.

8. Special treatment should be given to smooth surfaces, with the aim of increasing the bonding contact surface between soft and hard adhesives and enhancing the bonding effect.

9. TPE should have good fluidity. Because the thickness-to-size ratio of metal cladding layer is very small, TPE usually needs to flow through a long path and thin-walled area to fill the die.

10. The flow length/product thickness ratio of TPE is less than 150:1.

What are the manufacturing process steps of precision metal stamping parts

With the development of NC stamping equipment, sheet metal stamping process is developing in a diversified direction. The punching-shearing composite process has opened up a new field, which is especially suitable for meeting the flexible requirements of small and medium batches. Punching-shearing composite process is a process that can obtain high surface roughness and high precision by one stamping stroke. It is widely used in aviation, aerospace, automobile, machinery, shipbuilding, household appliances and so on. Following is a brief introduction to the manufacturing process of stamping hardware workpiece in Baida Borun Petrochemical Company.

Stamping parts

I. Design of Stamping Parts

(1) The results of the design and implementation of stamping parts are three-dimensional entities with related concepts such as color, material, hardness, shape, size, location, related parts, manufacturing process and so on.

(2) The emergence of computer technology directly starts with the concept of three-dimensional design, which can more intuitively and accurately express all the geometric parameters of the design concept, and the whole design process can be fully discussed on the three-dimensional model.

(3) Computer technology can help stamping engineers rationalize the design process from the viewpoint of design and manufacturing, and gradually create stamping parts from the generation of sheet metal and the completion of each process.

(4) It can be seen as a virtual environment for stamping parts. Engineers can design and assemble parts directly on the computer screen. The virtual manufacturing process is almost the same as the real one.

(5) After the design of a single stamping part is completed, the three-dimensional models of multiple parts can be simulated and assembled, thus greatly shortening the design and cycle.

2. Deployment of stamping parts

After the design of stamping parts is completed, in order to facilitate manufacturing, it must be converted into an expansion drawing to determine the size of the required sheet and the shape of the sheet. (1) Computer-aided design has a small amount of operation, and the development process is completely controlled by computer.

(2) Computer aided design (CAD) has high efficiency and avoids errors that are easy to make for engineers when deploying.

(3) Computer-aided design (CAD) has high precision, and the unfolding data are completely computed by computer, thus avoiding the large grain cost of materials.

3. Selection of Stamping Oil Products

Stamping oil plays a key role in the stamping process. Good cooling performance and extreme pressure and anti-wear performance have made a qualitative leap in improving the service life of the die and the accuracy of the workpiece. Matching should be made according to the material of the workpiece.

(1) When choosing punching oil for carbon steel sheet, the better viscosity should be determined according to the process difficulty and degreasing conditions.

(2) Because of chemical reactions with chlorine additives, attention should be paid to the possibility of white rust in chlorine-type stamping oil for galvanized steel sheets when choosing stamping oil, while the rust problem can be avoided by using Yida Borun sulfur-type stamping oil, but the degreasing should be done as soon as possible after stamping.

(3) Stainless steel is a kind of material which is easy to harden. It is required to use drawing oil with high film strength and good sintering resistance. Pressing oil containing sulfur and chlorine compound additives is generally used to ensure extreme pressure performance and avoid burrs and cracks on the workpiece.

IV. Blanking of Stamping Plate

(1) Cutting of shear machine is to use the shear machine to cut out the shape, length and width of the unfolding drawing. If there is punching and cutting angle, then turn the punch press to combine with punching and cutting angle forming of the die.

(2) The blanking of punch is to punch the flat plate structure with the parts unfolded by the punch in one or more steps. Its advantage is short time-consuming and high efficiency, which is often used in batch manufacturing.

(3) NC programming is the first step in NC blanking. The unfolding drawings are compiled into identifiable contents of NC machine tools, so that they can be stamped out step by step according to these contents.

(4) Laser blanking is the use of laser cutting method, in a plate to cut out the shape of its plate structure.

5. Blanking of Machine Tool Plates

In order to meet the requirements of each process, the corresponding die is needed to complete the operation, such as the punch die, the tear forming die and so on.

6. Tapping and riveting of plate parts

Flanging is to draw a slightly larger hole into a smaller base hole and tap on it. This will increase the strength and avoid slippery teeth. Pressure riveting studs, riveting nuts, riveting screw and so on are often used in riveting. The riveting method is usually completed by punching machine or hydraulic riveting machine, which is riveted to the stamping parts.

7. Stereo Bending of Plates

Bending is a part that bends a flat plate into a body. It needs a bending machine and a corresponding bending die to complete the operation. It also has a certain order of bending, its principle is that the next knife does not interfere with the first fold, will interfere with the back fold.

VIII. Surface Treatment of Workpieces

Surface treatment generally includes phosphating skin film, electroplating multicolor zinc, chromate, baking paint, oxidation and so on. Phosphating coating is generally used for cold rolled sheets and electrolytic sheets. Its main function is to prevent oxidation by coating a protective film on the surface of the sheets; cold rolled sheets are generally used for electroplating multicolor zinc; chromate and oxidation are generally used for surface treatment of aluminium sheets and aluminium profiles.

Above is the manufacturing process of metal stamping parts. Precision metal stamping technology needs to know the parameters of machine tools and machine tools sufficiently. According to the process characteristics of CNC punch, a comprehensive analysis is made to make CNC punch get reasonable application and full play. Yida Borun is the largest production base of high-end metal processing oil in China. The independently developed stamping oil products have excellent extreme pressure and anti-wear properties.

Detection of Hardware Stamping Parts

Rockwell hardness tester is used for hardness testing of metal stamping parts. Small stamping parts with complex shapes can be used to test the plane is very small and can not be tested on ordinary desktop Rockwell hardness tester.

Stamping process includes blanking, bending, drawing, forming, finishing and other processes. Stamping materials are mainly hot-rolled or cold-rolled (mainly cold-rolled) metal strip materials, such as carbon steel plate, alloy steel plate, spring steel plate, galvanized plate, tin plate, stainless steel plate, copper and copper alloy plate, aluminum and aluminum alloy plate, etc.

PHP series portable surface Rockwell hardness tester is very suitable for testing the hardness of these stamping parts. Alloy stamping parts are the most commonly used parts in the field of metal processing and mechanical manufacturing. Stamping parts processing is a method of separating or forming metal strips by means of dies. It has a wide range of applications.

The main purpose of hardness testing of stamping materials is to determine whether the annealing degree of the purchased metal sheet is suitable for the subsequent stamping process. Different kinds of stamping process require different hardness levels of sheet metal. Aluminum alloy sheet used for stamping can be tested by Wechsler hardness tester. When the thickness of material is more than 13mm, it can be changed to Barkholder hardness tester. Pure aluminium or low hardness aluminium alloy sheet should be used Barkholder hardness tester.

In the stamping industry, stamping is sometimes called sheet metal forming, but it is slightly different. The so-called sheet metal forming refers to the forming method of using sheet metal, thin-walled tube, thin section as raw materials for plastic processing, which is collectively called sheet metal forming. At this time, the deformation in the direction of thick plate is generally not taken into account.

Steps and Classificatio of Metal Processing

Hardware processing

Hardware processing is the raw materials (stainless steel, copper, aluminum, iron). Machines such as lathes, milling machines, drilling machines, polishing machines and so on are used to process various parts according to customers’drawings or samples, such as screw, motor shaft, model car parts, fishing gear accessories, speaker product shells, mobile power supply shells, etc.

Technological process

Hardware processing process is based on the production needs of raw materials, after a good start, some such as small parts production can go to the punch and then Gong cutting or CNC processing, which in the production of glasses accessories, automotive parts, many aspects. To make containers: it is to burn and weld after punching, then sand and spray oil, and then assemble accessories to ship. And for hardware accessories, there are many polished surfaces, plating or spraying oil. Then welding or screwing assembly packaging shipment

Operation steps

1. Before entering the post, all employees should check whether their clothes meet the requirements of the work. Slippers, high heels and clothing that affect safety are not allowed to wear. Safety hats should be worn for long hair. Maintain the correct posture while working, and have enough spirit to deal with the work. If you find that you are not well, you should leave the job immediately and report to the leader. When operating, we must concentrate our thoughts, strictly prohibit chatting and cooperate with each other. Operators should not operate in a state of irritability and fatigue, so as to avoid accidents and ensure safe operation.

2. Check whether the moving part is filled with lubricant before the machine works, then start and check whether the clutch and brake are normal, and run the machine for 1-3 minutes empty. Operations are strictly prohibited when the machine is in trouble.

3. When replacing the die, first turn off the power supply. After the movement Department of the punch stops running, the die can be installed and debugged. After installation and adjustment, the flywheel is tested twice by hand to check whether the upper and lower dies are symmetrical and reasonable, whether the screw is firm, and whether the blank holder ring is in a reasonable position.

4. Power-on mechanism can only be activated when all other personnel leave the mechanical work area and take away the debris on the worktable.

5. When the machine is started, one person will transport materials and operate the machine. Others may not press the power or foot to step on the switch board, let alone put their hands in the working area of the machine or touch the moving part of the machine with their hands. When the machine works, it is forbidden to extend the hand into the slider working area, and to take and place the workpiece by hand. Standard tools must be used when drawing and placing workpieces in the die. If abnormal sound or machine failure is found, the power switch should be switched off immediately for inspection.

6. When you leave work, you should turn off the idle power supply, and tidy up the finished products, materials and sundries on the post, so as to ensure the clean and safe working environment.

The above operating rules must be consciously observed, not to violate the rules of operation, failure, should cooperate with maintenance personnel to repair, immediately cut off the power supply when an accident occurs, keep on-site report to the factory until it is dealt with, and all consequences caused by violation of the operating rules shall be borne by the parties concerned.

classification

Hardware surface processing subdivision can be divided into: metal spray painting processing, electroplating, surface polishing processing, metal corrosion processing and so on.

Hardware parts surface processing:

1. Spray-paint processing: Hardware factories use spray-paint processing in the production of large pieces of hardware products, through spray-paint processing to avoid rust of hardware, such as daily necessities, electrical shell, handicraft, etc.

2. Electroplating: Electroplating is also the most common processing technology for hardware processing. By electroplating on the surface of hardware parts through modern technology, it ensures that the products will not be mildewed and embroidered for a long time. Common electroplating processes include screw, stamping parts, batteries, car parts, trinkets, etc.

3. Surface polishing: Surface polishing is generally used in daily necessities. For example, we produce a comb, which is made of stamped hardware. Then the edges of the stamped comb are very sharp. We need to throw the sharp edges into a smooth face by polishing, so that in the process of using it, we can not. Can cause harm to human body.

Turning round surface is the basic method of metal processing, and the equipment used is lathe. In general machinery factories, lathes account for about 40% of the total number of machine tools. Turning is the main method of roughing and semi-finishing all kinds of materials, and also the final finishing method of all kinds of materials which are not suitable for grinding.

In small batch production of single piece, turning cylindrical surface is usually carried out on ordinary lathes. In mass production, multi-tool semi-automatic lathes or automatic lathes are widely used. Large disc parts should be processed on vertical lathes. Large long axle parts need to be processed on heavy horizontal lathe.

The characteristics of turning cylindrical surface are as follows: 1. The tool is simple, the manufacture is convenient, the grinding and installation are convenient; 2. The cutting process is smooth, the cutting force fluctuation is small, which is conducive to the adoption of high cutting speed and the improvement of productivity; 3. The machine tool has good versatility and can process the cylindrical surface, end face, inner hole, thread and chamfer in one clamp. The accuracy of each surface position is easy to guarantee; 4. Suitable for finishing non-ferrous metal parts.

Design of metal Stamping Parts

(1) The stamping parts designed must meet the requirements of product usage and technical performance, and can be easily assembled and repaired.

(2) The stamping parts designed must be conducive to improving the utilization rate of metal materials, reducing the variety and specifications of materials, and reducing the consumption of materials as much as possible. In the case of permissible use of low-cost materials, as far as possible to make parts without waste and less waste blanking.

(3) The stamping parts designed must be simple in shape and reasonable in structure, so as to simplify the die structure and the number of working procedures, that is, to complete the whole part processing with the least and simplest stamping process, reduce the re-processing by other methods, and be conducive to stamping operation, facilitate the organization of mechanized and automated production, and improve labor productivity.

_The stamping parts designed in this paper, in order to ensure the normal use of the stamping parts, try to make the size accuracy and surface roughness level requirements lower, and is conducive to product interchange, reduce waste products and ensure product quality stability.

(5) The stamping parts designed should be conducive to the use of existing equipment, process equipment and process flow as far as possible, and to the extension of the service life of the die.

Ten kinds of salesmen are easy to be eliminated

1. Salesmen who always fail to achieve their goals are easily eliminated.

It is not necessarily the salesman who fails to achieve the goal. However, a salesman who always fails to achieve his goals, no matter how many problems the enterprise has, such salesman will become the first object to be eliminated, because the managers of the enterprise will think that: the enterprise has too many salesmen who fail to achieve the goals like you, so the performance of the enterprise is problematic; besides, the enterprise can not always achieve the goals, and the enterprise can not afford you.

2. Salesmen who are complained by distributors are easily eliminated

Most enterprises pay more attention to dealers than salesmen. As a salesman said, when a dealer needs to be cut off, the managers of the enterprise may not attach importance to and agree with it; when a dealer complains about a salesman, the managers of the enterprise may not immediately hit the salesman, or even directly hit the salesman with the word ________

3. Businessmen who just talk and don’t play tricks are easy to be eliminated.

The “old man” who has been doing business for several years will become an “old stick”. It was not long before the first three axes accumulated could not be found. This kind of empty-handed salesman is not popular in old and new enterprises.

4. Salesmen who like to confront their superiors are easily eliminated

No matter how bad the supervisor is, as long as it’s your supervisor, at least it shows that he’s better than you in some ways. If you like to confront your superiors, it means that you expose and magnify your shortcomings without seeing their strengths and strengths. Can you still “fool” under your superiors? Quick go, you will be expelled if you don’t leave.

5. Self-righteous and self-righteous salesmen are easily eliminated

Some business people start to think that they are great after they have achieved little. They don’t follow the company’s established strategies and plans, and they believe that they are in control. With their achievements, the leaders will think that you are not obedient to management and that something is wrong, which just makes you “go to hell”.

6. Complaining and complaining salesmen are easily eliminated

In business meetings, there are always several salesmen complaining about poor product quality, high prices, small promotions, less advertising, heavy tasks and so on. Within two months, such salesmen “went to one side to cool down”. What enterprises need is elites who can solve practical problems, not “observers”.

7. Businessmen who are jealous of virtue and ability are easily eliminated

Their own poor performance, look at others’good performance on the “red eye”: fleeing goods, smashing prices, looking for a few buddies “rumor” him and so on. When the truth is in front of us, we have to leave a good example to learn.

8. Self-promotion salesmen are easily eliminated

Some salesmen like to publicize themselves on the Internet or in some public places after they have made some achievements, and put their achievements in their pockets. As everyone knows, the performance of a market is created by many departments and personnel. Without the systematic support of the platform, the strength of individual business personnel is extremely limited.

9. Fake salesmen are easily eliminated during business trips

Some salesmen take advantage of the loopholes in business management. First, they cheat on business trips, and second, they cheat on business tickets, and the money they don’t spend turns into so much money. Once a salesman has formed such bad habits, it is difficult to get rid of them easily. However, “often walk by the river, where there are no wet shoes”, once found by business managers, only fall into the river.

10. Unconstrained private life is easy to be eliminated

Due to long-term outside, far away from the management and supervision of enterprises and families, a considerable number of salesmen will become unrestrained in their private life. Once corrupted, such salesmen can not cultivate the market like “old scalpers”. Only after “soaking in bars, building the Great Wall, washing saunas, looking for massage” and other songs and dances are leveled, the smoke disappears.

Introduction of metal Stamping Industry

Stamping industry is an industry involving a wide range of fields. It goes deep into all aspects of manufacturing industry. Stamping is called sheet metal forming abroad. This is also called in our country. What is China’s stamping industry like, what is foreign, how we go, this is our concern for the country.

The rapid development of stamping is attributed to the development of automobiles, aircraft and household appliances.

What are the requirements for metal cutting tools of CNC machine tools

With the development of manufacturing technology and the wide use of numerical control equipment, the progress of cutting technology has been greatly promoted. According to the requirement of process numerical control and automation, higher requirements are put forward for metal cutting tools, such as high reliability, high precision, long life, rapid displacement replacement and good chip breaking. The design of tool structure and the shape of cutting parts have become very diverse. Choosing the required cutting tools according to different characteristics is of great significance for realizing highly automatic cutting. Following is a brief introduction to the performance requirements of metal cutting tools in Yida Borun Petrochemical Company.

I. Performance Requirements of Tools

(1) Wear resistance

The metal cutting tool materials used now are different, because high-speed cutting requires tool materials with good toughness, impact resistance and wear resistance, such as polycrystalline diamond tools, which have very high wear resistance and speed.

(2) Impact resistance

In the field of metal cutting, the use of cemented carbide tools is the largest, and the common speed of metal cutting mostly uses cemented carbide tools. Cemented carbide has good impact toughness. In addition, high-speed cutting tools also have very high thermal hardness and chemical stability.

(3) Heat resistance and chemical stability

Cubic boron nitride cutters have excellent heat resistance and can cut hard materials at high temperatures, but can not be used for soft metal materials. Aluminum-based ceramics with good chemical stability are suitable for this process, but lack of hot-hardness.

(4) Service life

Coated cemented carbide cutting tools suitable for high speed cutting have wide cutting range and long service life due to the use of coating materials with good heat resistance and high hardness and multi-layer coating technology. The cutting performance of the coated cemented carbide is much better than that of the uncoated cemented carbide, so the coated cemented carbide tends to replace the common uncoated cemented carbide.

2. Material of commonly used turning tools

(1) High Speed Steel

High-speed steel, also known as front steel, is a high-alloy tool steel with tungsten, chromium, vanadium and molybdenum as the main alloying elements. High-speed steel has high flexural strength and impact toughness. It can be used for casting, forging, welding, heat treatment and cutting. It has good grinding performance and high grinding quality. Therefore, it is mostly used to manufacture tools with complex shapes, such as drills, reamers, milling cutters, etc. It is also commonly used as low-speed precision turning tools and forming turning tools.

(2) Cemented carbide

Cemented carbide is made of powder with high abrasion resistance and heat resistance, which is formed by high pressure and then sintered at high temperature. This kind of tool can be used for high-speed cutting. Its disadvantages are poor toughness and impact resistance. Cemented carbide is generally made into various shapes of blades, which can be welded or clamped on the tool body.

Selection of Special Cutting Oil

Thread cutting oil is a kind of medium which must be used in cutting technology. It mainly plays the role of lubrication, cooling and cleaning in the process.

(1) Extreme pressure and wear resistance

The special cutting oil contains sulfur extreme pressure and anti-wear additives, which can effectively protect cutting tools and improve process accuracy.

(2) Chemical stability

Compared with rapeseed oil, mechanical oil and regenerated oil, the special cutting oil has good stability and does not harm equipment, human body and environment.

(3) Other physical properties

The special cutting oil has passed strict tests in viscosity, flash point, tilt point and thermal conductivity to meet various cutting process requirements.

Detailed Explanation of Surface Treatment Technology for metal mould Castings

Surface treatment is a process of artificially forming a layer on the surface of matrix material with different mechanical, physical and chemical properties. The purpose of surface treatment is to meet the requirements of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, decoration or other special functions of products.

For metal castings, our common surface treatment methods are mechanical grinding, chemical treatment, surface heat treatment, spraying surface, surface treatment is to clean, clean, deburr, oil stain, oxide skin and so on.

In the process of processing, transportation, storage and so on, the surface of workpiece often contains oxide scale, residual sand, welding slag, dust, oil and other dirt. In order to firmly adhere to the workpiece surface, the workpiece surface must be cleaned before painting. Otherwise, it will not only affect the adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coating to the metal, but also make the base metal continue to corrode even with the protection of the coating, which will make the coating peel off and affect the mechanical properties and service life of the workpiece. Therefore, the surface treatment before painting is an important guarantee and measure to obtain high quality protective coating and prolong the service life of products.

In order to provide a good workpiece surface, the following points should be paid attention to in surface treatment:

1. No Oil Pollution and Water

2. Rust-free and oxide-free

3. Non-Adhesive Impurities

4. Residues without acid or alkali

5. Surface roughness of workpiece

Surface treatment:

Manual processing:

Such as scrapers, wire brushes or grinding wheels. Rust marks and oxide scales on the surface of workpiece can be removed by hand, but manual treatment has the advantages of high labor intensity, low production efficiency, poor quality and incomplete cleaning.

Chemical treatment:

The main purpose is to use acid-alkaline or alkaline solution to react with oxides and oil stains on the surface of workpiece and dissolve them in acidic or alkaline solution so as to remove the oxide scale and oil stains on the surface of workpiece. Then the brush roll made of nylon or 304# stainless steel wire (steel wire brush roll made of acid-alkali resistant solution) can be cleaned.

Mechanical treatment:

It mainly includes steel wire brush roller polishing method, shot blasting method and shot blasting method. The polishing method is that the brush roll is driven by the motor, and the brush roll rotates at high speed on the upper and lower surfaces of the strip in the direction opposite to the movement of the rolled piece. Scrubbed iron oxide sheet is washed out by closed circulating cooling water flushing system. Shot blasting cleaning is a method that uses centrifugal force to accelerate the projectile and eject it to the workpiece for rust removal.

Shot peening is divided into shot peening and sand blasting.

Surface treatment with shot peening has great impact and obvious cleaning effect. However, shot peening can easily deform the thin plate workpiece, and steel shot peening can strike the workpiece surface (whether shot peening or shot peening) to deform the metal base material. Because Fe304 and FE203 are not plastic, they are broken and peeled off, and the oil film is deformed with the workpiece, so shot peening and shot peening can not completely remove the oil contamination on the workpiece with oil contamination.

According to the different methods used, surface treatment technology can be divided into the following categories.

I. ELECTROCHEMICAL METHODS

This method is to use the electrode reaction to form a coating on the surface of the workpiece. The main methods are:

(1) Electroplating

In electrolyte solution, the workpiece is a cathode, under the action of external current, the process of forming coating on its surface is called electroplating. The coating can be metal, alloy, semiconductor or containing various solid particles, such as copper plating, nickel plating, etc.

(2) Oxidation

In electrolyte solution, the workpiece is an anode. Under the action of external current, the process of forming oxide film on its surface is called anodic oxidation, such as the anodic oxidation of aluminium alloy. Iron and steel can be oxidized by chemical or electrochemical methods. The chemical method is to put the workpiece into the oxidation solution and form oxide film on the workpiece surface by chemical action, such as bluing treatment of steel.

II. Chemical Methods

This method is to form a coating on the surface of the workpiece by the interaction of chemical substances without current action. The main methods are:

(1) Chemical conversion membrane treatment

In electrolyte solution, metal workpiece has no external current action, and the process of forming coating on its surface by the interaction of chemical substances and workpiece in solution is called chemical conversion film treatment. Such as metal surface bluing, phosphating, passivation, chromium salt treatment, etc.

(2) Electroless plating

In electrolyte solution, the workpiece surface is catalyzed without external current effect. In solution, due to the reduction of chemical substances, some substances are deposited on the workpiece surface to form a coating, which is called electroless plating, such as electroless nickel plating, electroless copper plating and so on.

THREE. HOT WORKING METHODS

This method is to melt or diffuse the material at high temperature to form a coating on the surface of the workpiece. Its main methods are:

(1) Hot dip plating

The process by which metal parts are put into molten metals to form coatings on their surfaces is called hot dipping, such as hot galvanizing and hot aluminizing.

(2) Thermal spraying

The process of atomizing molten metal and spraying it on the surface of workpiece to form coating is called thermal spraying, such as thermal spraying zinc, thermal spraying aluminium, etc.

(3) Hot stamping

The process of covering metal foil with temperature and pressure on the surface of workpiece to form coating layer is called hot stamping, such as hot stamping of aluminium foil.

(4) Chemical heat treatment

The process of contacting and heating a workpiece with a chemical substance and ordering an element to enter the workpiece surface at high temperature is called chemical transformation.