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Skills of tool changing in computer gong processing

When programming the computer gong, we should first consider the selection of tool setting point, and the determination of tool setting point and tool changing point. Tool setting point is the starting point of tool movement relative to the workpiece in NC machining. Since the program is also executed from this point, the tool setting point is also called the program starting point or tool starting point.

When the machining accuracy is not high, some surfaces on the workpiece or fixture can be directly used as the tool face; when the machining accuracy is high, the tool setting point should be selected on the design basis or process basis of the part as far as possible, for example, for the part with hole positioning, it is more appropriate to take the axis of the hole as the tool setting point. The tool setting point must have a certain coordinate relationship with the positioning datum of the workpiece. In this way, the relationship between the machine tool coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system can be determined. The choice of tool setting point for computer gong processing should be convenient for coordinate value calculation and tool setting. During tool setting, the tool setting point should coincide with the tool position. The so-called tool position refers to the intersection of the tool axis and the tool bottom surface for flat end milling cutter; the ball end milling cutter refers to the ball center of the ball head part; the turning tool refers to the tool tip; the drill bit refers to the drill tip; the machining of mechanical parts refers to the focus of the wire electrode axis center and the part surface for wire electrode cutting machine.

Introduction of CNC machining center

Machining center is often divided into vertical machining center and horizontal machining center according to the state of the spindle in the space. The vertical machining center whose spindle is vertical in the space is called vertical machining center, and the horizontal machining center whose spindle is horizontal in the space is called horizontal machining center. Spindle can be vertical and horizontal conversion, known as vertical and horizontal machining center or five machining center, also known as composite machining center. According to the number of machining center columns, there are single column type and double column type (gantry type).

The technology of high-speed CNC machining is the premise to ensure the production of high-quality parts.

On lathe, the shape and size of the blank can be changed by the rotary motion of the workpiece and the linear or curvilinear motion of the cutter, and it can be processed to meet the requirements of the drawing.

Ordinary machine tools are more and more difficult to meet the needs of processing precision parts. At the same time, due to the improvement of production level, the price of CNC machine tools is falling from time to time. CNC precision parts processing mainly includes ultra precision turning, mirror grinding and grinding.

The primary premise of CNC precision parts processing is the accuracy of process datum. Datum on mechanical drawings are represented by capital letters a, B, C, D, etc. with a specific reference symbol with circle. When the reference symbol is aligned with the surface and its extension line or the dimension limit of the surface, the surface is taken as the datum. When the datum mark is aligned with the dimension line, it means that the solid center line of the dimension is taken as the datum. It is a more general statement that the process is accurate.

Assembly benchmark refers to the precision used to determine the position of parts in components or products during assembly. Measurement datum refers to the specification for the size and position of the machined surface to be measured during the inspection of parts. Positioning datum refers to the datum used for positioning the workpiece in the machine tool or fixture during machining.

CNC machining center

The biggest difference between CNC milling machine and machining center is that the machining center has the ability to exchange machining tools automatically. By installing different tools on the tool magazine, the machining tools on the spindle can be changed through the automatic tool changing device in one clamping, and a variety of machining functions can be realized.

CNC machining center is composed of mechanical equipment and CNC system, which is suitable for processing complex parts. CNC machining center is one of the most widely used CNC machine tools with the highest output in the world. Its comprehensive processing ability is strong, the workpiece can complete more processing content after clamping at one time, and the processing accuracy is high. For the batch workpiece with medium processing difficulty, its efficiency is 5-10 times higher than that of ordinary equipment, especially it can complete the processing that many ordinary equipment can’t complete, and it is more suitable for single piece processing with complex shape and high precision requirements or small and medium batch multi variety production. It concentrates the functions of milling, boring, drilling, tapping and cutting threads on one equipment, so that it has a variety of technological means. Machining centers are classified into horizontal and vertical machining centers according to the spatial position of the spindle. According to the classification of process uses: boring and milling machining center, composite machining center. According to the special functions, there are single table, double table and multi table machining centers. Machining center of single axle, double axle, three axle and changeable headstock.

Introduction of mould making process

Smelting quality for high-quality die steel, the processes of out of furnace refining, vacuum treatment, vacuum smelting, powder injection treatment and electroslag remelting are widely used at home and abroad to reduce the contents of harmful elements, oxygen, hydrogen and inclusions in the steel and fine tune the chemical composition and pouring temperature. By ESR, the macrostructure and density of the steel can be effectively improved, and the isotropy of the die steel can be improved. The tests in some domestic factories show that the transverse impact toughness of 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel produced by electric arc furnace is only 31% of the longitudinal impact toughness. After ESR, the transverse impact toughness of 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel is 70% of the longitudinal impact toughness, which is more than doubled. For the die steel with special requirements, the P / m high speed steel and P / m high alloy die steel can better improve the microstructure and properties of the steel.
On the basis of a certain forging ratio, upsetting drawing forging and cross rolling should be adopted as far as possible to improve the isotropy of die material. In order to reduce machining allowance and improve material utilization, precision forging machine, fast forging hydraulic press and high-precision continuous rolling mill are widely used to provide high-precision steel to meet the needs of mold manufacturing.
For heat treatment and finishing of forged and rolled products, controlled atmosphere or vacuum heat treatment should be adopted to avoid oxidation and decarburization. Some plastic die steel and hot work die steel should be pre hardened by Metallurgical Department. For some hot working die materials with high requirements, the Metallurgical Department should refine the structure in advance to eliminate the coarse carbides and chain carbides in the steel, and obtain fine and uniform carbides, so as to further improve the various properties of the steel, especially the isotropy. According to some foreign reports, some hot work die steels are produced with high quality and high directivity by electroslag remelting, multi-directional forging (rolling) and microstructural refinement. The transverse impact toughness can be equal to more than 90% of the longitudinal impact toughness. In addition, considering the metallurgical quality of various parts of steel, attention should be paid to make the main working face of the mold (such as cavity or edge) close to the surface of steel; because in general, the surface of steel is the clean part of steel, while the center of steel is the area where the macrodefects are concentrated; especially in the large section ledeburite steel, the center part is the center part The inhomogeneity of eutectic carbide in steel is 2-3 grades higher than that on the surface. In addition, the main load bearing direction of the die should be consistent with the deformation direction of the steel, so as to reduce the adverse effect of the anisotropy of the steel on the die.
Thermal conductivity thermal conductivity is also one of the main performance indicators of die steel, especially some hot work die steel and plastic die steel. Mold steel with good thermal conductivity can quickly transfer the heat generated in the processing and the heat from the workpiece, avoid overheating on the working surface of the mold, and improve the working conditions of the mold. For some thermoplastics forming dies and some die-casting dies, in order to speed up the pace of production, it is hoped that the pressed workpieces can be cooled and demoulded quickly to improve productivity. In order to solve this problem, sometimes some die materials with better thermal conductivity than steel are selected, such as high-strength copper alloy, high-strength aluminum alloy, etc.

What is machining center three axis, four axis

The spindle in the horizontal state of space is called horizontal machining center. Spindle can be vertical and horizontal conversion, known as vertical and horizontal machining center or five machining center, also known as composite machining center. According to the number of machining center columns, there are single column type and double column type (gantry type).

According to the coordinate number of machining center movement and the coordinate number of simultaneous control, there are three axis two linkage, three axis three linkage, four axis three linkage, five axis four linkage, six axis five linkage, etc. Three axis and four axis refers to the number of motion coordinates of the machining center. Linkage refers to the number of coordinates that the control system can control at the same time, so as to realize the position and speed control of the tool relative to the workpiece. Machining center can be divided into vertical, horizontal and composite machining center from the appearance. The spindle of the vertical machining center is perpendicular to the worktable, which is mainly used for processing plate and shell workpieces, and can also be used for mold processing.

The spindle axis of the horizontal machining center is parallel to the worktable, and its worktable is mostly a CNC rotary table controlled by servo motor. In the one-time clamping of workpieces, multiple machining surfaces can be processed through the rotation of the worktable, which is suitable for the processing of box workpieces. The compound machining center mainly refers to that there are two vertical and horizontal spindles on one machining center, or the spindle can change the angle by 90 degrees, so it can realize the machining of five surfaces in one clamping of workpiece.

What is vertical machining center

The spindle of the vertical machining center is perpendicular to the worktable, which is mainly used for processing plate and shell workpieces, and can also be used for mold processing. The spindle axis of the horizontal machining center is parallel to the worktable, and its worktable is mostly a CNC rotary table controlled by servo motor. In the one-time clamping of workpieces, multiple machining surfaces can be processed through the rotation of the worktable, which is suitable for the processing of box workpieces. The compound machining center mainly refers to that there are two vertical and horizontal spindles on one machining center, or the spindle can change the angle by 90 degrees, so it can realize the machining of five surfaces in one clamping of workpiece.

Machining center is usually divided into vertical machining center and horizontal machining center according to the state of spindle in space

The vertical machining center whose spindle is vertical in space is called vertical machining center, and the horizontal machining center whose spindle is horizontal in space is called horizontal machining center. Spindle can be vertical and horizontal conversion, known as vertical and horizontal machining center or five machining center, also known as composite machining center. According to the number of machining center columns, there are single column type and double column type (gantry type).

Computer gong processing high precision parts

The concept, significance and characteristics of high precision parts manufacturing high precision parts manufacturing takes high precision mechanical parts as processing objects. Based on the systematic and integrated theory and technology, according to the structure and requirements of the workpiece, the organic combination and optimization of feeding, processing, detection and handling are realized, and the production of parts is completed under the precise processing conditions.
Application field of high precision parts and components high precision parts and components are used in all walks of life testing equipment – scientific instruments. In China, they are mainly used in the instrument and instrument industry of scientific instruments.
High precision machining has the advantages of high precision, low energy consumption, flexible production and high efficiency. Reducing the size of the whole manufacturing system and precision parts can not only save energy, but also save manufacturing space and resources, which is in line with the production mode of energy saving and environmental protection. It is one of the development directions of green manufacturing.
Compared with ordinary machinery manufacturing, precision machinery manufacturing has high technology content (design and production), excellent processing equipment, high added value, and small batch sales.
Analysis of foreign development situation high precision machinery manufacturing technology is known as one of the key technologies in the 20th century. It is the key development direction in the 21st century and has been highly valued by all countries in the world. Japan, the European Union, South Korea, the United States and other developed countries have invested a lot of human, material and financial resources to develop their own high-precision mechanical parts research and development and technology.
China’s high-precision machinery manufacturing technology was gradually developed in the late 1980s and early 1990s. It is a rapidly developing industry in China today. High precision machinery manufacturing products are widely used in national defense, medical, aerospace, electronics and other military and civil fields.

Introduction of mold production process

The following modern mold production process to do a simple introduction.

1）ESI（Earlier Supplier Involvement Early participation of suppliers): this stage is mainly about the technical discussion on product design and mold development between customers and suppliers. The main purpose is to let suppliers clearly understand the design intention and precision requirements of product designers, and at the same time let product designers better understand the mold production capacity and product process performance, so as to make more reasonable decisions The design of the theory.

2) Quotation: including the price of the mould, the service life of the mould, the turnover process, the required tonnage of the machine and the delivery date of the mould. (more detailed quotation should include product size and weight, mold size and weight, etc.

3) Purchase order: customer order, deposit issue and supplier order acceptance.

4) Mold production planning and schedule arrangement: at this stage, we need to reply to the customer according to the specific delivery date of the mold.

5) Mold design: the possible design software includes Pro / Engineer, UG, Solidworks, AutoCAD, CATIA, etc

6) Purchasing materials

7) Mold processing: the processes involved include turning, milling, heat treatment, grinding, CNC, EDM, WEDM, jig grinding, laser engraving, polishing, etc.

8) Mold assembly

9) Trial run

10) Sample evaluation report (SER)

11) Ser approval

Safe operation of computer gong processing

When processing parts, the protective door must be closed, and the head and hand shall not be extended into the protective door. During the processing, it is not allowed to open the protective door;
In the process of computer gong processing, the operator shall not leave the machine tool without authorization, and shall keep a high degree of concentration and observe the running state of the machine tool. In case of abnormal phenomenon or accident, the program operation shall be terminated immediately, the power supply shall be cut off and the instructor shall be informed in time, and other operations shall not be carried out;
It is strictly forbidden to tap the control panel and touch screen. It is strictly forbidden to knock the worktable, dividing head, fixture and guide rail;
It is strictly forbidden to open the control cabinet of the numerical control system to watch and touch without permission;
The operator of computer gong processing shall not change the internal parameters of the machine tool at will. Interns are not allowed to call or modify other programs that are not compiled by themselves;
On the control microcomputer of machine tool, no other operation is allowed except program operation, transmission and program copy;
CNC milling machine belongs to large precision equipment. Except for the tooling and workpieces on the worktable, it is strictly forbidden to stack any tools, clamps, cutting edges, measuring tools, workpieces and other debris on the processing machine;
It is forbidden to touch the blade tip and scrap iron with hands. Scrap iron must be cleaned with iron hook or brush;
It is forbidden to touch the rotating spindle, workpiece or other moving parts by hand or in any other way;
It is forbidden to measure the workpiece and change the speed manually in the process of processing. It is also forbidden to wipe the workpiece with cotton yarn and clean the machine tool;
Trial operation is forbidden;
When using the hand wheel or fast moving mode to move the position of each axis, make sure to see the “and -” signs in each direction of X, y and Z axes before moving. When moving, slowly turn the hand wheel to observe the correct direction of the machine before speeding up the movement.

Fine blanking die technology

The continuous fine blanking die for complex parts is the frontier basic technology of fine blanking technology, and it is expected to promote the whole fine blanking technology in China. Taking the synchronizer gear ring, clutch plate, longitudinal compound continuous fine blanking process and continuous fine blanking die for complex parts as the breakthrough point, the key technology of fine blanking die design and manufacturing is studied, so as to realize the rapid improvement of fine blanking die technology in China and shorten the gap with advanced countries as soon as possible.

Study on the life promotion of fine blanking die and its related key technologies

Die life is a comprehensive reflection of die material, process and supporting product level. Taking die life of fine blanking as the leader to carry out technical research can not only solve the problem of low die life which is urgently needed in China, but also drive the technological development of die material, fine blanking process, supporting tooling and other auxiliary products.

Research and development of fine blanking precision forging composite technology

Precision blanking and precision forging are two advanced manufacturing technologies developed in parallel. If the precision blanking parts are too thick and need precision forging, if the precision forging parts are too thin, they must be precision blanking. They are interrelated and closely related. The basic idea of developing precision forging precision blanking composite process is to find the combination point of the two processes (such as gear parts with wheel hub and cam parts with short shaft). The precision forging in China has a long history and high level This is a good way to improve the overall technology level of our country.